3701-28-11.1 Materials used in drilling and construction of wells.

(A) Materials used in the drilling process shall meet the following requirements:

(1) Materials that are in contact with ground water shall be free of matter that may adversely affect the aquifer or water pumped from the well and shall not support microbiological growth.

(2) All drilling muds, additives, lubricants shall meet ANSI/NSF standards sixty or sixty-one and shall not be discharged to surface water. Drilling fluids or additives that contain guar gum or other biodegradable organic materials shall not be used during the drilling of a well.

(3) Water that is used for drilling purposes, other than water from the well itself, shall be potable water and shall be conveyed in containers that are clean and capable of being maintained in a clean condition. Surface water shall not be used for drilling purposes unless it is obtained from a public water supply. Storage tanks used to haul water for drilling shall be periodically disinfected by the registered contractor.

(B) Materials used in the construction of wells shall meet the following requirements:

(1) Steel pipe or tubing used as permanent well casing, liners, well screen risers, blanks, or tail pipes which are directly connected to the well screen by welding or threading shall:

(a) Be new pipe or tubing or pipe that meets the requirements of paragraph (C) of this rule,

(b) Be manufactured in compliance with the standards of ASTM specification A53, A106, A589, A500 or in compliance with the standards of API specification 5L;

(d) Have a minimum wall thickness of .375 inches if the nominal pipe size is twelve through twenty inches. Be standard weight, as set forth in ASTM specifications A53, A106, A589, API specification 5L, if the nominal pipe size is twenty-one inches or greater.

Table 1

Steel well casing pipe weights and dimensions for ASTM A53, and A589

Nominal Minimum Outside Weight of

Pipe size Wall Diameter Plain end

(Inches) Thickness (Inches) Casing in

(Inches) LBS/FT

5.00 .188 5.563 10.79

6.00 .188 6.625 12.92

8.00 .188 8.625 16.94

10.00 .188 10.750 21.21

12.00 .375 12.750 49.56

14.00 .375 14.00 54.57

16.00 .375 16.00 62.58

18.00 .375 18.00 70.59

20.00 .375 20.00 78.60

(e) Be legibly marked on each length, by the manufacturer, with all of the following information:

(i) The name of the manufacturer;

(ii) The kind of pipe (continuous welded, electric resistance welded or seamless);

(iii) The weight or schedule;

(iv) The nominal or outside diameter;

(v) The specification number; and

(vi) The heat or lot number.

(f) Be structurally sound, watertight throughout its length, and shall have threaded and coupled, or welded joints;

(i) Couplings shall have a design, taper, and type of thread that is consistent with the thread of the pipe. No more than three threads shall be exposed on fourteen thread pipe and no more than two threads shall be exposed on eight thread pipe.

(ii) Welded joints shall form a structurally sound and watertight joint and may include the use of butt-welds using a welding collar or guide, band rings, flared joints and welding collars. Steel pipe that is equal to or less than eight inches in diameter shall have a minimum of two weld passes. Steel pipe that is greater than eight inches in diameter shall have a minimum of three weld passes.

(2) Thermoplastic pipe that is used as permanent well casing, liners, well screen risers, blanks, or tail pipes shall:

(a) Be new pipe that is manufactured in compliance with the standards of ASTM specifications F480 and NSF standard fourteen;

(b) Be standard dimension ratio (SDR) twenty-one or heavier, except thermoplastic pipes that are larger than eight inches in diameter or installed at depths greater than two-hundred feet which shall be SDR seventeen or heavier. For purposes of this paragraph standard weight ratio or SDR means the ratio of average outside pipe diameter to minimum pipe wall thickness;

(c) Comply with dimensional standards for thermoplastic pipe as specified in ASTM specification F480 and the following table:

Table 2

Diameter and wall thickness of thermoplastic well casing

Nominal pipe Outside Minimum wall Minimum wall

Size (inches) Diameter Thickness Thickness

(Inches) (Inches) SDR21 (Inches) SDR17

5 5.563 .265 .327

6 6.625 .316 .390

8 8.625 .410 .508

10 10.750 .511 .632

12 12.750 .606 .750

14 14.00 .667 —

16 16.00 .762 —

(d) Be legibly marked, by the manufacturer, with all of the following information:

(i) The nominal pipe size;

(ii) The standard dimension ratio;

(iii) The type of plastic;

(iv) The words “well casing”;

(v) The impact classification (IC);

(vi) The specification number;

(vii) The manufacturer’s name or trademark;

(viii) The lot number and date of manufacture; and

(ix) A certification mark that verifies compliance with ANSI/NSF standard fourteen.

(e) Be structurally sound, watertight throughout its length with casing joints or couplings that conform to the following:

(i) Except as provided in paragraph (B)(2)(e)(ii) of this rule, all thermoplastic casing joints and couplings shall meet the standards of ASTM specification F480 and ANSI/NSF standard fourteen.

(ii) Spline lock joints shall be permitted for use in wells with casing constructed of thermoplastic, and need not meet the standards of ASTM specification F480. For purposes of this rule a spline lock joint is a non-metallic, watertight coupling designed for thermoplastic pipe which incorporates the use of a bell or coupling with machined grooves on the interior of the bell or coupling, and is joined by inserting thermoplastic pipe with an elastomeric sealing gasket which seats into the machined grooves, and is locked in place by insertion of a high-strength flexible thermoplastic spline to provide full three hundred and sixty degree restraint with evenly distributed loading on the joint.

(iii) All thermoplastic couplings shall be legibly marked with the nominal well casing pipe coupling size, the type of plastic, designation of compliance with ASTM F480 and ANSI/NSF standard fourteen, and the manufacturer’s name or trademark.

(iv) Thermoplastic well casing joints that are solvent welded shall meet the standard of ASTM specification F480 and ANSI/NSF standard fourteen.

(3) Precast concrete that is used as permanent well casing shall be structurally sound and watertight and meet the standards of ASTM C478 with precast concrete casing joints that meet the standards of ASTM specification C990.

(C) Defective, visibly damaged, used or reject pipe shall not be used as casing or liner pipe for wells. Pipe withdrawn from a well or test hole during initial construction may be used as casing or liner pipe for another well provided the pipe meets the following requirements:

(1) The pipe has not become impregnated with any contaminant, including but not limited to natural gas and crude oil, during a previous use;

(2) The pipe meets the applicable requirements of paragraph (B) of this rule; and

(3) Has been visually inspected by the registered contractor for pinholes, cracks or other defects or damages.

(D) Cement grout to be used for sealing the annular space in wells shall conform to the specifications of paragraph (I)(1) of rule 3701-28-07 of the Administrative Code and shall be mixed in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (J)(5)(b) of rule 3701-28-07 of the Administrative Code. Cement grout shall be allowed to set a minimum of twenty-four hours when standard type I and type II cement is used or when calcium chloride has been added to the cement grout. Cement grout shall be allowed to set a minimum of twelve hours when high early type III cement grout is used before drilling operations are resumed.

(E) Bentonite grout to be used for sealing the annular space in wells shall conform to the specifications of paragraph (I)(2) of rule 3701-28-07 of the Administrative Code.

(F) Course grade and pelletized bentonite to be used for sealing the annular space in wells shall conform to the specifications of paragraph (I)(2) of rule 3701-28-07 of the Administrative Code and shall be used according to the requirements of paragraph (J)(5)(d) of rule 3701-28-07 of the Administrative Code.

(G) Well screens used in unconsolidated or incompetent geologic formations shall meet the following criteria:

(1) Screens shall be constructed of steel or thermoplastic and shall meet ANSI/NSF standard sixty-one.

(2) Screens shall have uniform openings with at least eight per cent open area per foot of screen and an entrance velocity of 0.1 feet per second. Screen design shall facilitate proper development and maintenance of the well and minimize the entrance of fine materials into the well.

(3) Screens shall provide sufficient column and collapse strength to withstand installation and borehole pressures.

(H) Filter packs and formation stabilizer materials installed in wells should consist of well-rounded particles that are:

(1) Ninety-five per cent siliceous in composition;

(2) Smooth, uniform and free of foreign matter; and

(3) Properly sized, washed and disinfected prior to installation in the well.

(I) Packers and shale baskets installed in wells shall be constructed of materials that meet the requirements of ANSI/NSF standard sixty-one. Lead packers shall not be used in wells.

R.C. 119.032 review dates: 12/23/2004 and 11/15/2009

Promulgated Under: 119.03

Statutory Authority: 3701.344

Rule Amplifies: 3701.344

Prior Effective Dates: 1/1/2000