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The Legislative Service Commission staff updates the Revised Code on an ongoing basis, as it completes its act review of enacted legislation. Updates may be slower during some times of the year, depending on the volume of enacted legislation.

Chapter 309 | Prosecuting Attorney

 
 
 
Section
Section 309.01 | Election of prosecuting attorney.
 

There shall be elected quadrennially in each county, a prosecuting attorney, who shall hold his office for four years, beginning on the first Monday of January next after his election.

Section 309.02 | Qualifications of candidate for prosecuting attorney.
 

No person shall be eligible as a candidate for the office of prosecuting attorney, or shall be elected to such office, who is not an attorney at law licensed to practice law in this state. No prosecuting attorney shall be a member of the general assembly of this state or mayor of a municipal corporation.

Section 309.03 | Bond of prosecuting attorney - oath.
 

Except as otherwise provided in section 3.061 of the Revised Code, before entering upon the discharge of the official duties of the prosecuting attorney, the prosecuting attorney shall give a bond, signed by a bonding or surety company approved by the court of common pleas or the probate court and authorized to do business in this state, or, at the prosecuting attorney's option, signed by two or more freeholders having real estate in the value of double the amount of the bond over and above all encumbrances to the state. Such bond shall be in a sum not less than one thousand dollars, to be fixed by the court of common pleas or the probate court and conditioned that such prosecuting attorney will faithfully discharge all the duties enjoined upon the prosecuting attorney by law, and pay over all moneys received in the prosecuting attorney's official capacity. The expense or premium for such bond shall be paid by the board of county commissioners, and shall be charged to the general fund of the county. Such bond, with the approval of such court and the oath of office required by sections 3.22 and 3.23 of the Revised Code indorsed thereon, shall be deposited with the county treasurer.

Section 309.05 | Removal of prosecuting attorney for neglect or misconduct.
 

On complaint, in writing, signed by one or more taxpayers, containing distinct charges and specifications of wanton and willful neglect of duty or gross misconduct in office by the prosecuting attorney, supported by affidavit and filed in the court of common pleas, the court shall assign the complaint for hearing and shall cause reasonable notice of the hearing to be given to the prosecuting attorney of the time fixed by the court for the hearing. At the time so fixed, or to which the court adjourns the hearing, the court shall hear the evidence adduced by the complainants and the prosecuting attorney. The court may consider motions for judgment on the pleadings made pursuant to Civil Rule 12, motions to dismiss made pursuant to Civil Rule 41, and motions for summary judgment made pursuant to Civil Rule 56 that are filed before the hearing. If it appears that the prosecuting attorney has willfully and wantonly neglected to perform the prosecuting attorney's duties, or has been guilty of gross misconduct in office, the court shall remove the prosecuting attorney from office and declare the office vacant. Otherwise the complaint shall be dismissed, and the court shall render judgment against the losing party for costs.

If a complaint to remove a prosecuting attorney is dismissed because the complainant or complainants failed to file an affidavit in support of the complaint, the dismissal shall be without prejudice.

Section 309.06 | Assistant prosecuting attorneys - clerks - stenographers.
 

(A) On or before the first Monday in January of each year, the judge of the court of common pleas or, if there is more than one judge, the judges of the court of common pleas in joint session may fix an aggregate sum to be expended for the incoming year for the compensation of assistants, clerks, and stenographers of the prosecuting attorney's office.

The prosecuting attorney may appoint any assistants, clerks, and stenographers who are necessary for the proper performance of the duties of his office and fix their compensation, not to exceed, in the aggregate, the amount fixed by the judges of the court of common pleas. The compensation, after being so fixed, shall be paid to the assistants, clerks, and stenographers biweekly from the general fund of the county treasury, upon the warrant of the county auditor.

(B) Subject to section 2921.421 of the Revised Code, a prosecuting attorney may appoint, as an assistant prosecuting attorney, clerk, stenographer, or other employee, a person who is an associate or partner of, or who is employed by, the prosecuting attorney or an assistant prosecuting attorney in the private practice of law in a partnership, professional association, or other law business arrangement.

Section 309.07 | Appointment of secret service officer.
 

The prosecuting attorney may appoint secret service officers whose duty it shall be to aid him in the collection and discovery of evidence to be used in the trial of criminal cases and matters of a criminal nature. Such appointment shall be made for such term as the prosecuting attorney deems advisable, and subject to termination at any time by such prosecuting attorney. The compensation of said officers shall be fixed by the judge of the court of common pleas, or, if there is more than one judge, such compensation shall be fixed by the judges of such court in joint session, and shall not be less than one hundred twenty-five dollars per month for the time actually occupied in such service nor more than seventy-five per cent of the salary of the prosecuting attorney for a year. Such salary shall be payable monthly, out of the county fund, upon the warrant of the county auditor.

Section 309.08 | Powers and duties of prosecuting attorney - rewards for information as to drug-related offenses.
 

(A) The prosecuting attorney may inquire into the commission of crimes within the county. The prosecuting attorney shall prosecute, on behalf of the state, all complaints, suits, and controversies in which the state is a party, except for those required to be prosecuted by a special prosecutor pursuant to section 177.03 of the Revised Code or by the attorney general pursuant to section 109.83 of the Revised Code, and other suits, matters, and controversies that the prosecuting attorney is required to prosecute within or outside the county, in the probate court, court of common pleas, and court of appeals. In conjunction with the attorney general, the prosecuting attorney shall prosecute in the supreme court cases arising in the prosecuting attorney's county, except for those cases required to be prosecuted by a special prosecutor pursuant to section 177.03 of the Revised Code or by the attorney general pursuant to section 109.83 of the Revised Code.

In every case of conviction, the prosecuting attorney forthwith shall cause execution to be issued for the fine and costs, or costs only, as the case may be, and faithfully shall urge the collection until it is effected or found to be impracticable to collect. The prosecuting attorney forthwith shall pay to the county treasurer all moneys belonging to the state or county which come into the prosecuting attorney's possession.

The prosecuting attorney or an assistant prosecuting attorney of a county may participate, as a member of the investigatory staff of an organized crime task force established under section 177.02 of the Revised Code that has jurisdiction in that county, in an investigation of organized criminal activity under sections 177.01 to 177.03 of the Revised Code.

(B) The prosecuting attorney may pay a reward to a person who has volunteered any tip or information to a law enforcement agency in the county concerning a drug-related offense that is planned to occur, is occurring, or has occurred, in whole or in part, in the county. The prosecuting attorney may provide for the payment, out of the following sources, of rewards to a person who has volunteered tips and information to a law enforcement agency in the county concerning a drug-related offense that is planned to occur, is occurring, or has occurred, in whole or in part, in the county:

(1) The law enforcement trust fund established by the prosecuting attorney pursuant to division (C)(1) of section 2981.13 of the Revised Code;

(2) The portion of any mandatory fines imposed pursuant to divisions (B)(1) and (2) of section 2929.18 or Chapter 2925. of the Revised Code that is paid to the prosecuting attorney pursuant to that division or chapter, the portion of any additional fines imposed under division (A) of section 2929.18 of the Revised Code that is paid to the prosecuting attorney pursuant to that division, or the portion of any fines imposed pursuant to division (A) of section 2925.42 of the Revised Code that is paid to the prosecuting attorney pursuant to division (B) of that section;

(3) The furtherance of justice fund allowed to the prosecuting attorney under section 325.12 of the Revised Code or any additional funds allowed to the prosecuting attorney under section 325.13 of the Revised Code;

(4) Any other moneys lawfully in the possession or control of the prosecuting attorney.

(C) As used in division (B) of this section, "drug-related offense" means any violation of Chapter 2925. or 3719. of the Revised Code or any violation of a municipal ordinance that is substantially equivalent to any section in either of those chapters.

Section 309.09 | Legal adviser - additional legal counsel.
 

(A) The prosecuting attorney shall be the legal adviser of the board of county commissioners, board of elections, all other county officers and boards, and all tax-supported public libraries, and any of them may require written opinions or instructions from the prosecuting attorney in matters connected with their official duties. The prosecuting attorney shall prosecute and defend all suits and actions that any such officer, board, or tax-supported public library directs or to which it is a party, and no county officer may employ any other counsel or attorney at the expense of the county, except as provided in section 305.14 of the Revised Code.

(B)(1) The prosecuting attorney shall be the legal adviser for all township officers, boards, and commissions, unless, subject to division (B)(2) of this section, the township has adopted a limited home rule government pursuant to Chapter 504. of the Revised Code and has not entered into a contract to have the prosecuting attorney serve as the township law director, in which case, subject to division (B)(2) of this section, the township law director, whether serving full-time or part-time, shall be the legal adviser for all township officers, boards, and commissions. When the board of township trustees finds it advisable or necessary to have additional legal counsel, it may employ an attorney other than the township law director or the prosecuting attorney of the county, either for a particular matter or on an annual basis, to represent the township and its officers, boards, and commissions in their official capacities and to advise them on legal matters. No such legal counsel may be employed, except on the order of the board of township trustees, duly entered upon its journal, in which the compensation to be paid for the legal services shall be fixed. The compensation shall be paid from the township fund.

Nothing in this division confers any of the powers or duties of a prosecuting attorney under section 309.08 of the Revised Code upon a township law director.

(2)(a) If any township in the county served by the prosecuting attorney has adopted any resolution regarding the operation of adult entertainment establishments pursuant to the authority that is granted under section 503.52 of the Revised Code, or if a resolution of that nature has been adopted under section 503.53 of the Revised Code in a township in the county served by the prosecuting attorney, all of the following apply:

(i) Upon the request of a township in the county that has adopted, or in which has been adopted, a resolution of that nature that is made pursuant to division (E)(1)(c) of section 503.52 of the Revised Code, the prosecuting attorney shall prosecute and defend on behalf of the township in the trial and argument in any court or tribunal of any challenge to the validity of the resolution. If the challenge to the validity of the resolution is before a federal court, the prosecuting attorney may request the attorney general to assist the prosecuting attorney in prosecuting and defending the challenge and, upon the prosecuting attorney's making of such a request, the attorney general shall assist the prosecuting attorney in performing that service if the resolution was drafted in accordance with legal guidance provided by the attorney general as described in division (B)(2) of section 503.52 of the Revised Code. The attorney general shall provide this assistance without charge to the township for which the service is performed. If a township adopts a resolution without the legal guidance of the attorney general, the attorney general is not required to provide assistance as described in this division to a prosecuting attorney.

(ii) Upon the request of a township in the county that has adopted, or in which has been adopted, a resolution of that nature that is made pursuant to division (E)(1)(a) of section 503.52 of the Revised Code, the prosecuting attorney shall prosecute and defend on behalf of the township a civil action to enjoin the violation of the resolution in question.

(iii) Upon the request of a township in the county that has adopted, or in which has been adopted, a resolution of that nature that is made pursuant to division (E)(1)(b) of section 503.52 of the Revised Code, the prosecuting attorney shall prosecute and defend on behalf of the township a civil action under Chapter 3767. of the Revised Code to abate as a nuisance the place in the unincorporated area of the township at which the resolution is being or has been violated. Proceeds from the sale of personal property or contents seized pursuant to the action shall be applied and deposited in accordance with division (E)(1)(b) of section 503.52 of the Revised Code.

(b) Division (B)(2)(a) of this section applies regarding all townships, including townships that have adopted a limited home rule government pursuant to Chapter 504. of the Revised Code, and regardless of whether a township that has so adopted a limited home rule government has entered into a contract with the prosecuting attorney as described in division (B) of section 504.15 of the Revised Code or has appointed a law director as described in division (A) of that section.

The prosecuting attorney shall prosecute and defend in the actions and proceedings described in division (B)(2)(a) of this section without charge to the township for which the services are performed.

(C) Whenever the board of county commissioners employs an attorney other than the prosecuting attorney of the county, without the authorization of the court of common pleas as provided in section 305.14 of the Revised Code, either for a particular matter or on an annual basis, to represent the board in its official capacity and to advise it on legal matters, the board shall enter upon its journal an order of the board in which the compensation to be paid for the legal services shall be fixed. The compensation shall be paid from the county general fund. The total compensation paid, in any year, by the board for legal services under this division shall not exceed the total annual compensation of the prosecuting attorney for that county.

(D) The prosecuting attorney and the board of county commissioners jointly may contract with a board of park commissioners under section 1545.07 of the Revised Code for the prosecuting attorney to provide legal services to the park district the board of park commissioners operates.

(E) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser of a joint fire district created under section 505.371 of the Revised Code at no cost to the district, or may be the legal adviser to the district under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and the district enter into, and that the board of county commissioners approves, to authorize the prosecuting attorney to provide legal services to the district.

(F) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser of a joint ambulance district created under section 505.71 of the Revised Code at no cost to the district, or may be the legal adviser to the district under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and the district enter into, and that the board of county commissioners approves, to authorize the prosecuting attorney to provide legal services to the district.

(G) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser of a joint emergency medical services district created under section 307.052 of the Revised Code at no cost to the district, or may be the legal adviser to the district under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and the district enter into, and that the board of county commissioners approves, to authorize the prosecuting attorney to provide legal services to the district.

(H) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser of a fire and ambulance district created under section 505.375 of the Revised Code at no cost to the district, or may be the legal adviser to the district under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and the district enter into, and that the board of county commissioners approves, to authorize the prosecuting attorney to provide legal services to the district.

(I) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser to the board of trustees of a regional airport authority created under Chapter 308. of the Revised Code or the board of directors of a port authority created under Chapter 4582. of the Revised Code under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and the board of trustees or board of directors enter into. If the regional airport authority or port authority covers territory in more than one county, the board of trustees or board of directors may choose the prosecuting attorney with whom it enters into such contract, with the approval of the board of county commissioners of that county. The contract may provide for the payment of a fee to the prosecuting attorney for legal services agreed to under the contract.

(J) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser to a regional planning commission created under section 713.21 of the Revised Code under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and commission enter into. If the regional planning commission covers a region in more than one county, the commission may choose the prosecuting attorney with whom it enters into such contract, with the approval of the board of county commissioners of that county. The contract may provide for the payment of a fee to the prosecuting attorney for legal services agreed to under the contract.

(K) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser to a regional council of governments created under Chapter 167. of the Revised Code under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and council enter into. If the regional council of governments covers a region in more than one county, the council may choose the prosecuting attorney with whom it enters into such contract, with the approval of the board of county commissioners of that county. The contract may provide for the payment of a fee to the prosecuting attorney for legal services agreed to under the contract.

(L) The prosecuting attorney may be, in the prosecuting attorney's discretion and with the approval of the board of county commissioners, the legal adviser to a metropolitan planning organization or a regional transportation planning organization under a contract that the prosecuting attorney and organization enter into. If the organization covers a region in more than one county, the organization may choose the prosecuting attorney with whom it enters into such contract, with the approval of the board of county commissioners of that county. The contract may provide for the payment of a fee to the prosecuting attorney for legal services agreed to under the contract.

(M) All money received pursuant to a contract entered into under division (D), (E), (F), (G), (H), (I), (J), (K), or (L) of this section shall be deposited into the prosecuting attorney's legal services fund, which shall be established in the county treasury of each county in which such a contract exists. Moneys in that fund may be appropriated only to the prosecuting attorney for the purpose of providing legal services to a park district, joint fire district, joint ambulance district, joint emergency medical services district, fire and ambulance district, regional airport authority, port authority, regional planning commission, regional council of governments, metropolitan planning organization, or regional transportation planning organization, as applicable, under a contract entered into under the applicable division.

(N) The prosecuting attorney shall be the legal adviser of a lake facilities authority as provided in section 353.02 of the Revised Code.

Last updated February 15, 2023 at 2:01 PM

Section 309.10 | Provisions for other counsel.
 

Sections 309.08 and 309.09 of the Revised Code do not prevent a school board from employing counsel to represent it, but when counsel is employed, the counsel shall be paid by the school board from the school fund. Sections 309.08 and 309.09 of the Revised Code do not prevent a county board of developmental disabilities from employing counsel to represent it, but that counsel shall be employed in accordance with division (C) of section 305.14 and paid in accordance with division (A)(7) of section 5126.05 of the Revised Code.

Sections 309.08 and 309.09 of the Revised Code do not prevent a board of county hospital trustees from employing counsel with the approval of the county commissioners to bring legal action for the collection of delinquent accounts of the hospital, but when counsel is employed, the counsel shall be paid from the hospital's funds. Sections 309.08 and 309.09 of the Revised Code do not prevent a board of library trustees from employing counsel to represent it, but when counsel is employed, the counsel shall be paid from the library's funds. Sections 309.08 and 309.09 of the Revised Code do not prevent the appointment and employment of assistants, clerks, and stenographers to assist the prosecuting attorney as provided in sections 309.01 to 309.15 of the Revised Code, or the appointment by the court of common pleas or the court of appeals of an attorney to assist the prosecuting attorney in the trial of a criminal cause pending in that court, or the board of county commissioners from paying for those services.

Last updated February 13, 2023 at 9:28 AM

Section 309.11 | Official bonds.
 

The prosecuting attorney shall prepare, in legal form, the official bonds for all county officers, and shall see that the acceptance of such bonds by the proper authorities, the signing thereof, and all the indorsements thereon, are in conformity to law, and that they are deposited with the proper officer. No bond shall be accepted or approved for any county officer by the person or tribunal authorized to approve it, until the prosecuting attorney has inspected it, and certified thereon that such bond is sufficient. In case of a vacancy in the office of prosecuting attorney or of the absence or disability of the prosecuting attorney, such duties shall be discharged by the probate judge.

Section 309.12 | Protection of public funds.
 

Upon being satisfied that funds of the county, or public moneys in the hands of the county treasurer or belonging to the county, are about to be or have been misapplied, or that any such public moneys have been illegally drawn or withheld from the county treasury, or that a contract, in contravention of law, has been executed or is about to be entered into, or that such a contract was procured by fraud or corruption, or that any property, real or personal, belonging to the county is being illegally used or occupied, or that such property is being used or occupied in violation of contract, or that the terms of a contract made by or on behalf of the county are being or have been violated, or that money is due the county, the prosecuting attorney may, by civil action in the name of the state, apply to a court of competent jurisdiction, to restrain such contemplated misapplication of funds, or the completion of such illegal contract, or to recover, for the use of the county, all public moneys so misapplied or illegally drawn or withheld from the county treasury, or to recover damages, for the benefit of the county, resulting from the execution of such illegal contract, or to recover, for the benefit of the county, such real or personal property so used or occupied, or to recover for the benefit of the county, damages resulting from the nonperformance of the terms of such contract, or to otherwise enforce it, or to recover such money as is due the county.

Section 309.13 | Taxpayer's suit.
 

If the prosecuting attorney fails, upon the written request of a taxpayer of the county, to make the application or institute the civil action contemplated in section 309.12 of the Revised Code, the taxpayer may make such application or institute such civil action in the name of the state, or, in any case wherein the prosecuting attorney is authorized to make such application, such taxpayer may bring any suit or institute any such proceedings against any county officer or person who holds or has held a county office, for misconduct in office or neglect of his duty, to recover money illegally drawn or illegally withheld from the county treasury, and to recover damages resulting from the execution of such illegal contract.

If such prosecuting attorney fails upon the written request of a taxpayer of the county, to bring such suit or institute such proceedings, or if for any reason the proseucting attorney cannot bring such action, or if he has received and unlawfully withheld moneys belonging to the county, or has received or drawn public moneys out of the county treasury which he is not lawfully entitled to demand and receive, a taxpayer, upon securing the costs, may bring such suit or institute such proceedings, in the name of the state. Such action shall be for the benefit of the county, as if brought by the prosecuting attorney.

If the court hearing such case is satisfied that such taxpayer is entitled to the relief prayed for in his petition, and judgment is ordered in his favor, he shall be allowed his costs, including a reasonable compensation to his attorney.

Section 309.14 | Injuries to timber.
 

When trees standing or growing on any land belonging to the state, or to any school district, are, without lawful authority, cut down, or in any way injured, the prosecuting attorney shall prosecute the wrongdoer, and shall seize all timber so cut down, if it can be found, and sell it at public vendue, on five days' notice. The prosecuting attorney shall pay the proceeds of such sale into the state treasury to the credit of the general revenue fund, or into the county treasury to the credit of the school district, as the case may be.

Section 309.15 | Annual report to attorney general.
 

On or before the first day of September in each year, if so required by the attorney general by a written notice given on or before the first day of August, the prosecuting attorney shall transmit to the attorney general a report of all crimes prosecuted by indictment or information in his county for the year ending the first day of July, specifying:

(A) Under the head of felonies:

(1) The number convicted;

(2) The number acquitted;

(3) The amount of costs incurred;

(4) The amount of costs collected.

(B) Under the head of misdemeanors:

(1) The number convicted;

(2) The number acquitted;

(3) The amount of fines imposed;

(4) The amount of fines collected;

(5) The amount of costs incurred;

(6) The amount of costs collected.

(C) Such other information as the attorney general requires.

The attorney general may prepare and forward to the prosecuting attorney the necessary blanks and instructions for such annual reports. Prosecuting attorneys shall furnish to the attorney general any information he requires in the execution of his office, whenever such information is requested by him.

Section 309.17 | Action to reclaim property.
 

When the prosecuting attorney of a county is informed that a person has in his possession money or other property belonging to a person found dead within such county, upon whose estate no letters of administration have been issued, the prosecuting attorney, by notice in writing, shall require the person having such money or other property to deposit it with the probate court. If within fifteen days such person does not comply with such requirement, the prosecuting attorney shall bring suit in the court of common pleas, in the name of the state, for the recovery thereof, and, when recovered, it shall be at the disposition of the probate court.

Section 309.18 | Victim to be notified of escape of violent offender; assistance from prosecuting attorneys.
 

(A) If a prosecuting attorney of a county receives notice from the sheriff of the county pursuant to section 341.011 of the Revised Code that a person indicted for or otherwise charged with an offense of violence that is a felony and that was committed in the county has escaped from the county jail or workhouse or otherwise has escaped from the custody of the sheriff or receives notice from a chief of police or other chief law enforcement officer of a municipal corporation pursuant to section 753.19 of the Revised Code that a person indicted for or otherwise charged with an offense of violence that is a felony and that was committed in the county has escaped from a jail or workhouse of that municipal corporation or otherwise has escaped from the custody of that municipal corporation, the prosecuting attorney shall notify each victim of an offense of violence that is a felony committed by that person of the person's escape and, if applicable, of the person's subsequent apprehension. The notice of escape shall be given as soon as possible after receipt of the notice from the department, sheriff, or chief law enforcement officer of the municipal corporation and shall be given by telephone or in person, except that, if a prosecuting attorney tries and fails to give the notice of escape by telephone at the victim's last known telephone number or tries and fails to give the notice of escape in person at the victim's last known address, the notice of escape shall be given to the victim at the victim's last known address by certified mail, return receipt requested. The notice of apprehension shall be given as soon as possible after the person is apprehended and shall be given in the same manner as is the notice of escape.

Any prosecuting attorney who fails to give any notice required by this division is immune from civil liability for any injury, death, or loss to person or property that might be incurred as a result of that failure to give notice.

(B) If a prosecuting attorney of a county receives notice from the department of rehabilitation and correction pursuant to section 5120.14 of the Revised Code or otherwise receives notice from the department that a person who was convicted of or pleaded guilty in that county to an offense of violence that is a felony has escaped from a correctional institution under the control of the department or otherwise has escaped from the custody of the department, and if the office of victim services of the department requests assistance from the prosecuting attorney in identifying and locating the victim of the offense, the prosecuting attorney promptly shall provide the information requested, if available, to the office of victim services.