Ohio Revised Code Search

...(A) In the discretion of the Ohio rail development commission, the bonds may be secured by a trust agreement or indenture of mortgage between the issuer and a corporate trustee, which may be any trust company or bank having the powers of a trust company within or without this state but authorized to exercise trust powers within this state. (B) Any such trust agreement or indenture of mortgage may contain the resolut...

...(A) Any holder of bonds issued pursuant to sections 4981.11 to 4981.26 of the Revised Code or a trustee under a trust agreement or indenture of mortgage entered into pursuant to section 4981.17 of the Revised Code, except to the extent that their rights are restricted by the bond proceedings or by the terms of the bonds, may by any suitable form of legal proceedings, protect and enforce any rights under the laws of t...

...All bonds issued under sections 4981.11 to 4981.26 of the Revised Code are lawful investments of banks, societies for savings, savings and loan associations, deposit guarantee associations, trust companies, trustees, fiduciaries, insurance companies, including domestic for life and domestic not for life, trustees or other officers having charge of sinking and bond retirement or other special funds of political subdiv...

...(A) Any real or personal property, or both, of the Ohio rail development commission that is acquired, constructed, reconstructed, enlarged, improved, furnished, or equipped, or any combination thereof, and leased or subleased under authority of sections 4981.11 to 4981.26 of the Revised Code shall be subject to ad valorem, sales, use, and franchise taxes and to zoning, planning, and building regulations and fees, to ...

...When a special assessment is made on real property owned by the Ohio rail development commission and leased under authority of sections 4981.11 to 4981.26 of the Revised Code, the installments of the assessment shall be paid by the lessee of such real property so long as such property is leased and any installment thereof remaining unpaid at the termination of any such lease shall thereafter be paid by the issuer so ...

...The Ohio rail development commission may issue refunding bonds to refund any bonds it previously issued under sections 4981.11 to 4981.26 of the Revised Code, for any of the following purposes: (A) Refunding bonds which have matured or are about to mature when the rentals, revenues, and other income, charges, and moneys pledged for the payment of such bonds are insufficient to pay bonds which have matured or are abo...

...Any political subdivision, taxing district, or other public body of this state, without competitive bidding, may convey or exchange with the Ohio rail development commission, for use in connection with a project, any or all of its interests in real or personal property, or both, not needed by the grantor. The interest in such property to be conveyed shall be appraised at its fair market value and such appraisal value...

...In accordance with Section 13 of Article VIII, Ohio Constitution, the state, acting through the Ohio rail development commission, for the purpose of implementing rail service, may by resolution designate a corporation organized under Chapter 1702. or 1724. of the Revised Code as its agency to acquire, construct, reconstruct, enlarge, improve, furnish, or equip and to sell, lease, exchange, or otherwise dispose of pro...

...(A) The general assembly hereby finds and declares that it is in the public interest for private corporations or organizations to participate in the providing of rail service through the financing, design, construction, reconstruction, operation, and maintenance by private persons of all or part of a rail system, whether as system owners, lessees from the Ohio rail development commission, or agents for the commission...

...(A) In addition to the powers contained in section 4981.14 of the Revised Code, the Ohio rail development commission may do all of the following: (1) Notwithstanding division (A) of section 4981.04 of the Revised Code, adopt a plan for private participation in the financing, design, construction, and operation of all or part of a rail system; (2) Grant franchises for terms of up to fifty years and enter into franch...

...(A) The Ohio rail development commission, in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, shall adopt, and may amend and rescind, rules governing the process whereby a private corporation or organization may apply to the commission for a franchise for all or part of a rail system. The rules also shall establish the financial and technical criteria upon which a franchise is awarded. The criteria may include all o...

...(A) The award by the Ohio rail development commission of a franchise for all or part of a rail system shall be the sole license required for a franchisee to exercise all specified franchise powers and enjoy all specified franchise rights. The franchise shall be for a term of not less than thirty-five, but not more than fifty years from the date of commencement of actual service operations. With the approval of the ge...

...(A) A franchise agreement shall authorize the franchisee to do all of the following: (1) Acquire and dispose of real and personal property and request the Ohio rail development commission to appropriate real property for sale to the franchisee in accordance with division (A)(5) of section 4981.29 of the Revised Code; (2) Plan, design, finance, construct, reconstruct, improve, operate, and maintain its portion of th...

...(A) The Ohio rail development commission shall review all plans and specifications of a franchisee for its portion of a rail system to ensure that the plans and specifications conform to commission standards, and shall inspect and approve the construction of all portions of the rail system. The commission shall assume responsibility for and indemnify any franchisee for third-party claims arising out of franchisee des...

...(A) On behalf of a franchisee and pursuant to section 4981.15 of the Revised Code, the Ohio rail development commission may issue bonds for loans to finance development and construction of a franchisee's portion of a rail system. Any bonds issued pursuant to this section do not, and shall state that they do not, represent or constitute a debt or pledge of the faith and credit of the state, nor do such bonds grant to ...

...The "Interstate High Speed Intercity Rail Passenger Network Compact" is hereby ratified, enacted into law and entered into by the state of Ohio with all other states legally joining therein the form substantially as follows: "INTERSTATE HIGH SPEED INTERCITY RAIL PASSENGERNETWORK COMPACT Article IPolicy and Purpose Because the beneficial service of and profitability of a high speed intercity rail passenger system w...

...In any overall programmatic environmental impact study or other comprehensive high-speed rail project development study, the department of transportation and the rail development commission shall include all federally designated high-speed rail corridors in Ohio and all passenger rail corridors in the Ohio hub study. The department of transportation and the rail development commission shall work...

...No person shall draw, drive, or cause to be moved any vehicle on or between the rails or tracks or on or along the graded roadway of a railroad without the knowledge and consent of the owner or controller of such railroad, unless compelled by necessity to do so. Whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor.

...No person shall climb, jump, step, or stand upon, or cling or attach himself to, a locomotive, engine, or car upon the track of a railroad, unless in compliance with law or by permission under the rules of the corporation managing such railroad. Whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor.

...No person shall, at a place other than a private crossing or for a purpose other than crossing a railroad, ride or drive a horse or other domestic animal into an enclosure of a railroad or knowingly permit such animal to go into or remain in such enclosure, or place feed, salt, or other thing within such enclosure to induce such animal to enter into it or upon the track of such railroad, or, while constructing a priv...

...(A) No person in charge of a locomotive shall fail to bring the locomotive to a full stop at least two hundred feet before arriving at a crossing with another track, or proceed through the crossing before signaled to do so or before the way is clear. (B)(1) Whoever violates this section or fails to comply with division (B)(1) of section 4955.32 of the Revised Code is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth deg...

...No person or company owning, operating, or controlling a railroad shall employ as a flagman, hostler, or assistant hostler, a person who cannot read, write, and speak the English language. Whoever violates this section shall be fined not less than five hundred nor more than one thousand dollars. This section does not apply to flagmen at street or highway crossings.

...No superintendent, trainmaster, or other employee of a railroad shall send or cause to be sent outside of yard limits, a passenger train of not more than five cars, any one of which carries passengers, with a crew consisting of less than one engineer, one fireman, one conductor, and one brakeman. If four of said cars are day coaches carrying passengers, or if in a train of more than five cars, three or more cars are...

...(A) The requirements set forth in division (B) of this section are solely related to safety, including ensuring that no train or light engine used in connection with the movement of freight in this state is left without a functional crew person as a result of a medical emergency. (B) A train or light engine used in connection with the movement of freight shall have a crew that consists of at least two individuals. ...

...No person, railroad company, private corporation, county, municipal corporation, or township shall violate any law relating to the height of bridges, viaducts, overhead roadways, footbridges, wires, or other structures constructed over the tracks of a railroad. Whoever violates this section shall be fined not less than one hundred nor more than one thousand dollars. Each day such structure or wire is permitted to so ...

...Whenever the county recorder in making photostatic or photographic records leaves no margin suitable for the entering or recording of assignments, cancellations, or further transactions relating to the instruments so recorded, or whenever such margin is completely filled with assignments, cancellations, or further transactions relating to the instruments so recorded, such transactions shall be effected by separate in...

...Patents for lands lying within this state, granted to any person by the president of the United States, and copies of such patents, certified under the official seal of the commissioner of the general land office of the United States, and exemplifications of the record of the general land office of any patent recorded there, may be recorded in the office of the county recorder of the county in which such lands, or a ...

...The court in which proceedings are commenced, relative to a mortgage or other lien, change of title, or partition of lands, the final judgment, order, or decree in which is to release or declare such mortgage or other lien void, in whole or in part, or require the judicial sale of property included in the mortgage or other lien, in case of failure to pay the amount secured thereby, or when the title has been changed ...

...When a mortgage or other lien is satisfied or declared void, in whole or in part, by a judgment, final order, or decree, the clerk of the court in which the proceedings are had shall enter upon the record of the mortgage or other lien, in the county recorder's office where it is recorded, a memorandum of the character of the proceedings, giving also the volume and page of the record where they are recorded. The cler...

...If the final judgment, order, or decree referred to in section 5301.39 of the Revised Code, upon which the entry of release, satisfaction, change of title, or partition is based, or in which the order for release, satisfaction, or record is included, is reversed, vacated, or modified, such reversal, vacation, or modification, so far as it applies to such memorandum, release, or satisfaction of such mortgage or other ...

...Sections 5301.39 to 5301.41, inclusive, of the Revised Code do not give to any judgment, order, or decree an effect, by reason of the entry thereof in the county recorder's office, other than that which it would have had without such entry.

...A copy of the record of a deed or other instrument of writing, certified by the county recorder with his official seal affixed thereto, shall be received in all courts and places within this state, as prima-facie evidence of the existence of such instrument, and as conclusive evidence of the existence of such record.

...When a conveyance of real estate has been executed in which there is a mistake, defect, or omission in the description of the lands, execution, acknowledgment, or otherwise, and it has been recorded in the county recorder's office of the county where the lands are or were situated at the time of such record, the record or a certified copy thereof in an action to cure or supply such defect, mistake, or omission, or to...

...When a deed, mortgage, lease, or other instrument of writing intended to convey or encumber an interest in real estate is not printed or written on a single sheet, or when the certificate of acknowledgment thereof is not printed or written on the same sheet with the instrument, and such defective conveyance is corrected by the judgment of a court, or by the voluntary act of the parties thereto, such judgment or act s...

...(A) As used in this section, "separate instrument" means an instrument other than the writing in which was created the interest in real property that is being assigned, released, or canceled. (B) In any county that maintains sectional indexes pursuant to section 317.20 of the Revised Code, each assignment, release, or cancellation of an interest in real property that is made by a separate instrument shall contain a ...

...As used in sections 5301.47 to 5301.56, inclusive, of the Revised Code: (A) "Marketable record title" means a title of record, as indicated in section 5301.48 of the Revised Code, which operates to extinguish such interests and claims, existing prior to the effective date of the root of title, as are stated in section 5301.50 of the Revised Code. (B) "Records" includes probate and other official public records, as ...

...Any person having the legal capacity to own land in this state, who has an unbroken chain of title of record to any interest in land for forty years or more, has a marketable record title to such interest as defined in section 5301.47 of the Revised Code, subject to the matters stated in section 5301.49 of the Revised Code. A person has such an unbroken chain of title when the official public records disclose a conv...

...Such record marketable title shall be subject to: (A) All interests and defects which are inherent in the muniments of which such chain of record title is formed; provided that a general reference in such muniments, or any of them, to easements, use restrictions, or other interests created prior to the root of title shall not be sufficient to preserve them, unless specific identification be made therein of a recorde...

...Subject to the matters stated in section 5301.49 of the Revised Code, such record marketable title shall be held by its owner and shall be taken by any person dealing with the land free and clear of all interests, claims, or charges whatsoever, the existence of which depends upon any act, transaction, event, or omission that occurred prior to the effective date of the root of title. All such interests, claims, or cha...

...(A) Any person claiming an interest in land may preserve and keep effective the interest by filing for record during the forty-year period immediately following the effective date of the root of title of the person whose record title would otherwise be marketable, a notice in compliance with section 5301.52 of the Revised Code. No disability or lack of knowledge of any kind on the part of anyone suspends the running ...

...(A) To be effective and entitled to recording, the notice referred to in section 5301.51 of the Revised Code shall satisfy all of the following: (1) Be in the form of an affidavit; (2) State the nature of the claim to be preserved and the names and addresses of the persons for whose benefit the notice is being filed; (3) Contain an accurate and full description of all land affected by the notice, which descr...

...The provisions of sections 5301.47 to 5301.56 of the Revised Code shall not be applied to bar or extinguish any of the following: (A) Any lessor or his successor as reversioner of his right to possession on the expiration of any lease, or any lessee or his successor of his rights in and to any lease, except as may be permitted under section 5301.56 of the Revised Code; (B) Any easement or interest in the nature of...

...Nothing contained in sections 5301.47 to 5301.56, inclusive, of the Revised Code, shall be construed to extend the period for the bringing of an action or for the doing of any other required act under any statutes of limitations, nor, except as provided in sections 5301.47 to 5301.56, inclusive, of the Revised Code, to affect the operation of any statutes governing the effect of the recording or the failure to record...

...Sections 5301.47 to 5301.56, inclusive, of the Revised Code, shall be liberally construed to effect the legislative purpose of simplifying and facilitating land title transactions by allowing persons to rely on a record chain of title as described in section 5301.48 of the Revised Code, subject only to such limitations as appear in section 5301.49 of the Revised Code.

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Holder" means the record holder of a mineral interest, and any person who derives the person's rights from, or has a common source with, the record holder and whose claim does not indicate, expressly or by clear implication, that it is adverse to the interest of the record holder. (2) "Drilling or mining permit" means a permit issued under Chapter 1509., 1513., or 1514. of th...

...No person having an interest in real property, buyer, lessee, tenant, or occupant of real property, knowing that such real property is mortgaged or the subject of a land contract, shall remove, or cause or permit the removal of any improvement or fixture from such real property without the consent of the mortgagee, vendor under the land contract, or other person authorized to give such consent.

...For the purpose of ensuring adequate access of solar energy collection devices to sunlight, any person may grant a solar access easement. Such easements shall be in writing and shall be subject to the same conveyance and recording requirements as other easements. Any instrument that grants a solar access easement shall include: (A) A description of the real property burdened and benefited by the solar access easeme...

...As used in sections 5301.67 to 5301.70 of the Revised Code: (A) "Conservation easement" means an incorporeal right or interest in land that is held for the public purpose of retaining land, water, or wetland areas predominantly in their natural, scenic, open, or wooded condition, including, without limitation, the use of land in agriculture when consistent with and in furtherance of the purpose of retaining those ar...

...An owner of land may grant a conservation easement to the department of natural resources, a park district created under Chapter 1545. of the Revised Code, a township park district created under section 511.18 of the Revised Code, a conservancy district created under Chapter 6101. of the Revised Code, a soil and water conservation district created under Chapter 940. of the Revised Code, a regional water and sewer dis...

...(A) The director of natural resources, the board of park commissioners of a park district created under Chapter 1545. of the Revised Code, the board of park commissioners of a township park district created under section 511.18 of the Revised Code, the board of directors of a conservancy district created under Chapter 6101. of the Revised Code, the board of supervisors of a soil and water conservation district create...

...y board of education, the board for any children with disabilities who are not residents of the district but for whom the district is providing special education. Payments shall be made in accordance with rules and standards of the state board of education.

...ts in all accepted methods of educating children with disabilities who have hearing impairments, including the oral, manual, and total communication methods, with no demonstrable bias toward any one method over another; (B) Consult with employees of school districts and chartered nonpublic schools who confer with the parents of hearing impaired children about their children's education; (C) Consult with charter...

...If any special education program provided pursuant to this chapter or Chapter 3325. of the Revised Code serves a student with a visual impairment for whom instruction in braille reading and writing is specified as appropriate pursuant to division (A)(2) of section 3323.011 of the Revised Code, the entity providing the program shall integrate the use of braille reading and writing into the student's entire c...

...(A) Within three months after a student identified with disabilities begins receiving services for the first time under an individualized education program, the school district in which that student is enrolled shall require the student to undergo a comprehensive eye examination performed either by an optometrist licensed under Chapter 4725. of the Revised Code or by a physician authorized under Chapter 4731. of the ...

... in consultation with the department of children and youth, shall electronically report to the general assembly the number of preschool children with disabilities who received services for which the department of education made a payment to any provider during the previous fiscal year, disaggregated according to each area of developmental deficiency identified by the department of education for the evaluation of such...

...d by the director; (f) A parent of a child with dyslexia or an adult with dyslexia appointed by the international dyslexia association in Ohio; (g) An individual with experience in higher education and teacher preparation programs appointed by the chancellor of higher education. The individual appointed by the chancellor shall have an appropriate certification. (h) A board member of the international dyslexi...

...(A) Each school district and other public school shall do all of the following: (1) For the 2023-2024 school year, administer a tier one dyslexia screening measure to a student to whom either of the following applies: (a) The student is enrolled in any of grades kindergarten through three, or the student transfers into the district or school midyear and is enrolled in any of grades kindergarten through three. A...

...As used in sections 3323.31 to 3323.35 of the Revised Code, "autism and low incidence disabilities" includes any of the following: (A) Autism; (B) Hearing impairment; (C) Multiple disabilities; (D) Orthopedic disability; (E) Other health impairment; (F) Traumatic brain injury; (G) Visual impairment.

... for infants, preschool and school-age children, and adults with autism and low incidence disabilities. The center's principal focus shall be programs and services for persons with autism. The center shall be under the direction of an executive director, appointed by the superintendent of the service center in consultation with the advisory board established under section 3323.33 of the Revised Code. In add...

...s for infants, preschool and school-age children, and adults with autism and low incidence disabilities. The entity shall be selected by the director of education and workforce in consultation with the director of children and youth and the advisory board established under section 3323.33 of the Revised Code. When applicable, the department of children and youth shall contract with an entity to administer programs...

...The director of education and workforce shall establish an advisory board to assist and advise the Franklin county educational service center in the operation of the Ohio Center for Autism and Low Incidence and the director in selecting an entity to administer programs and coordinate services for individuals with autism and low incidence disabilities as required by section 3323.32 of the Revised Code and to provide t...

...The entity selected under section 3323.32 of the Revised Code shall do all of the following: (A) Collaborate and consult with state agencies that serve persons with autism and low incidence disabilities; (B) Collaborate and consult with institutions of higher education in development and implementation of courses for educators and other professionals serving persons with autism and low incidence disabiliti...

...ormation from parents and educators of children with autism and low incidence disabilities.

... liable for assault or battery based on childhood sexual abuse, as defined in section 2305.111 of the Revised Code, but for the expiration of the limitation period under that section. (B) "Employed" means employed for more than fourteen days or for an aggregate of thirty days in a calendar year. (C) "Registrant" means a person against whom a court has entered a declaratory judgment under section 2721.21 of the Re...

...(A)(1) A registrant shall register personally with the sheriff of the county in which the registrant resides and with the sheriff of any county in which the registrant is employed. (2) A registrant who is registered in one or more counties and who establishes a new residence or place of employment in a county in which the registrant is not registered shall register personally with the sheriff of the county in which ...

...(A) A registrant who establishes a new residence or place of employment within a county in which the registrant is registered shall promptly send the sheriff written notice of the address of the new residence or place of employment. (B) A registrant who intends to reside in a county other than the one in which the registrant has registered a residence address shall send the sheriff of the county in which the registr...

...(A) A registrant shall verify the registrant's current residence address and employment address on each anniversary of the registrant's initial registration date by personally appearing before the sheriff of the county in which the registrant is registered not earlier than ten days before the anniversary date and not later than the anniversary date and completing and signing a copy of a verification form provided by ...

...(A) If a registrant registers a residence address, provides notice of a change of any residence address, or verifies a current residence address pursuant to section 3797.02, 3797.03, or 3797.04 of the Revised Code, all of the following apply: (1) At any time after the registration, provision of the notice, or verification, the sheriff with whom the registrant so registered or to whom the registrant so provided the n...

...2) The executive director of the public children services agency that has jurisdiction within the specified geographical notification area and that is located within the county served by the sheriff; (3) The superintendent of each board of education of a school district that has schools within the specified geographical notification area and that is located within the county served by the sheriff; (4) The appoi...

...(A) The attorney general shall prescribe forms to be used for registration, notice of intent to reside, and verification of current address under sections 3797.02, 3797.03, and 3797.04 of the Revised Code. The forms shall comply with the following: (1) The registration form to be used under section 3797.02 of the Revised Code shall include the registrant's name, the registrant's current residence and employment addr...

...The attorney general shall do all of the following: (A) In consultation with county sheriffs and not later than July 1, 2006, adopt rules that do all of the following: (1) Contain guidelines necessary for the implementation of this chapter; (2) Prescribe the registration, notice of intent to reside, and verification of current address forms to be used by registrants and sheriffs under sections 3797.02, 3797.03, an...

...Any statements, information, or photographs that are required to be provided, and that are provided, by a registrant pursuant to section 3797.02, 3797.03, or 3797.04 of the Revised Code and that are in the possession of a county sheriff are public records open to public inspection under section 149.43 of the Revised Code.

...(A) No registrant who is required to register pursuant to section 3797.02 of the Revised Code, send a sheriff a written notice of a new residence or employment address or of an intent to reside in a county pursuant to section 3797.03 of the Revised Code, or verify a current address pursuant to section 3797.05 of the Revised Code shall fail to register, send the notice, or verify the address as required by those secti...

...(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, any of the following persons shall be immune from liability in a civil action to recover damages for injury, death, or loss to person or property allegedly caused by an act or omission in connection with a power, duty, responsibility, or authorization under sections 3797.01 to 3797.10 of the Revised Code or under rules adopted under authority of those sections: ...

...In a proceeding held under Title XLVII or Chapter 3776. of the Revised Code to grant, renew, modify, suspend, or revoke a license or other authorization to engage in an occupation, if the person who is the subject of the proceeding is listed on the civil registry established by the attorney general pursuant to section 3797.08 of the Revised Code, the board or other body that makes the determination shall take into co...