Ohio Revised Code Search

...and, if the breach is of the whole contract under section 1302.70 of the Revised Code, then also with respect to the whole undelivered balance, the aggrieved seller may: (A) withhold delivery of such goods; (B) stop delivery by any bailee as provided in section 1302.79 of the Revised Code; (C) proceed under section 1302.78 of the Revised Code respecting goods still unidentified to the contract; (D) resell and rec...

...ed Code may: (1) identify to the contract conforming goods not already identified if at the time he learned of the breach they are in his possession or control; (2) treat as the subject of resale goods which have demonstrably been intended for the particular contract even though those goods are unfinished. (B) Where the goods are unfinished an aggrieved seller may in the exercise of reasonable commercial judgme...

...(A) The seller may stop delivery of goods in the possession of a carrier or other bailee when he discovers the buyer to be insolvent as provided in section 1302.76 of the Revised Code and may stop delivery of carload, truckload, planeload, or larger shipments of express or freight when the buyer repudiates or fails to make a payment due before delivery or if for any other reason the seller has a right to withho...

...e between the resale price and the contract price together with any incidental damages allowed under section 1302.84 of the Revised Code, but less expenses in consequences of the buyer's breach. (B) Except as otherwise provided in division (C) of this section or unless otherwise agreed resale may be at public or private sale including sale by way of one or more contracts to sell or of identification to an existing c...

...(A) A "person in the position of a seller" includes as against a principal an agent who has paid or become responsible for the price of goods on behalf of his principal or anyone who otherwise holds a security interest or other right in goods similar to that of a seller. (B) A person in the position of a seller may withhold or stop delivery as provided in section 1302.79 of the Revised Code and resell as provided in...

...nd place for tender and the unpaid contract price together with any incidental damages provided in section 1302.84 of the Revised Code, but less expenses saved in consequence of the buyer's breach. (B) If the measure of damages provided in division (A) of this section is inadequate to put the seller in as good a position as performance would have done then the measure of damages is the profit, including reasonable o...

...nd (2) of goods identified to the contract if the seller is unable after reasonable effort to resell them at a reasonable price or the circumstances reasonably indicate that such effort will be unavailing. (B) Where the seller sues for the price he must hold for the buyer any goods which have been identified to the contract and are still in his control except that if resale becomes possible he may resell them at a...

...Incidental damages to an aggrieved seller include any commercially reasonable charges, expenses, or commissions incurred in stopping delivery, in the transportation, care, and custody of goods after the buyer's breach, in connection with return or resale of the goods or otherwise resulting from the breach.

...le if the breach goes to the whole contract, as provided in section 1302.70 of the Revised Code, the buyer may cancel and whether or not he has done so may in addition to recovering so much of the price as has been paid: (1) "cover" and have damages under section 1302.86 of the Revised Code as to all the goods affected whether or not they have been identified to the contract; or (2) recover damages for non-delivery...

...elay any reasonable purchase of or contract to purchase goods in substitution for those due from the seller. (B) The buyer may recover from the seller as damages the difference between the cost of cover and the contract price together with any incidental or consequential damages as defined in section 1302.89 of the Revised Code, but less expenses saved in consequence of the seller's breach. (C) Failure of the buyer...

...uyer learned of the breach and the contract price together with any incidental and consequential damages provided in section 1302.89 of the Revised Code, but less expenses saved in consequence of the seller's breach. (B) Market price is to be determined as of the place for tender or, in cases of rejection after arrival or revocation of acceptance, as of the place of arrival.

...(A) Where the buyer has accepted goods and given notification as provided in division (C) of section 1302.65 of the Revised Code, he may recover as damages for any non-conformity of tender the loss resulting in the ordinary course of events from the seller's breach as determined in any manner which is reasonable. (B) The measure of damages for breach of warranty is the difference at the time and place of acceptance ...

...of which the seller at the time of contracting had reason to know and which could not reasonably be prevented by cover or otherwise; and (2) injury to person or property proximately resulting from any breach of warranty.

...plevin for goods identified to the contract if after reasonable effort the buyer is unable to effect cover for such goods or the circumstances reasonably indicate that such effort will be unavailing or if the goods have been shipped under reservation and satisfaction of the security interest in them has been made or tendered. In the case of goods bought for personal, family, or household purposes, the buyer's right ...

...s resulting from any breach of the contract from any part of the price still due under the same contract.

...able in the light of the anticipated or actual harm caused by the breach, the difficulties of proof of loss, and the inconvenience or non-feasibility of otherwise obtaining an adequate remedy. A term fixing unreasonably large liquidated damages is void as a penalty. (B) Where the seller justifiably withholds delivery of goods because of the buyer's breach, the buyer is entitled to restitution of any amount by which ...

...(A) Subject to the provisions of divisions (B) and (C) of this section and of section 1302.92 of the Revised Code on liquidation and limitation of damages, both of the following apply: (1) The agreement may provide for remedies in addition to or in substitution for those provided in sections 1302.01 to 1302.98 of the Revised Code and may limit or alter the measure of damages recoverable under those sections, as by l...

...ncellation" or "rescission" of the contract or the like shall not be construed as a renunciation or discharge of any claim in damages for an antecedent breach.

...n or a claim for rescission of the contract for sale nor rejection or return of the goods shall bar or be deemed inconsistent with a claim for damages or other remedy.

...ds which have been identified to a contract for sale as to cause actionable injury to a party to that contract: (A) a right of action against the third party is in either party to the contract for sale who has title to or a security interest or a special property or an insurable interest in the goods; and if the goods have been destroyed or converted a right of action is also in the party who either bore the risk of...

...(A) If an action based on anticipatory repudiation comes to trial before the time for performance with respect to some or all of the goods, any damages based on market price, sections 1302.82 or 1302.87 of the Revised Code, shall be determined according to the price of such goods prevailing at the time when the aggrieved party learned of the repudiation. (B) If evidence of a price prevailing at the times or places d...

...(A) An action for breach of any contract for sale must be commenced within four years after the cause of action has accrued. By the original agreement the parties may reduce the period of limitation to not less than one year but may not extend it. (B) A cause of action accrues when the breach occurs, regardless of the aggrieved party's lack of knowledge of the breach. A breach of warranty occurs when tender of deliv...

...ousehold purposes. (3) "Consumer transaction" means a transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. (4) "Drawee" means a person ordered in a draft to make payment. (5) "Drawer" means a person who signs or is identified in a draft as a person ordering payment. (6) "Good faith" has the same meaning as in section 1301.201 of the Revised Code. (7)...

...(A) This chapter applies to negotiable instruments. It does not apply to money, to payment orders governed by sections 1304.51 to 1304.85 of the Revised Code, or to securities governed by Chapter 1308. of the Revised Code. (B) If there is a conflict between this chapter and either sections 1304.01 to 1304.40 or Chapter 1309. of the Revised Code, the provisions of sections 1304.01 to 1304.40 or Chapter 1309. of the...

...f any law intended for the advantage or protection of an obligor. (B) "Instrument" means a negotiable instrument. (C) An order that meets all of the requirements of divisions (A)(2) and (3) of this section and otherwise falls within the definition of "check" is a negotiable instrument and a check. (D) A promise or order other than a check is not an instrument if, at the time it is issued or first comes into posses...

...ll be merchantable is implied in a contract for their sale if the seller is a merchant with respect to goods of that kind. Under this section the serving for value of food or drink to be consumed either on the premises or elsewhere is a sale. (B) Goods to be merchantable must be at least such as: (1) pass without objection in the trade under the contract description; and (2) in the case of fungible goods are of fa...

...Where the seller at the time of contracting has reason to know any particular purpose for which the goods are required and that the buyer is relying on the seller's skill or judgment to select or furnish suitable goods, there is unless excluded or modified under section 1302.29 of the Revised Code an implied warranty that the goods shall be fit for such purpose.

...the buyer before entering into the contract has examined the goods or the sample or model as fully as he desired or has refused to examine the goods there is no implied warranty with regard to defects which an examination ought in the circumstances to have revealed to him; and (3) an implied warranty can also be excluded or modified by course of dealing or course of performance or usage of trade; and (4) with respe...

...ntion the following rules apply: (A) Exact or technical specifications displace an inconsistent sample or model or general language of description. (B) A sample from an existing bulk displaces inconsistent general language of description. (C) Express warranties displace inconsistent implied warranties other than an implied warranty of fitness for a particular purpose.

...A seller's warranty whether express or implied extends to any natural person who is in the family or household of his buyer or who is a guest in his home if it is reasonable to expect that such person may use, consume, or be affected by the goods and who is injured in person by breach of the warranty. A seller may not exclude or limit the operation of this section.

...(A) Unless otherwise agreed the term F.O.B. (which means "free on board") at a named place, even though used only in connection with the stated price, is a delivery term under which: (1) when the term is F.O.B. the place of shipment, the seller must at that place ship the goods in the manner provided in section 1302.48 of the Revised Code and bear the expense and risk of putting them into the possession of the carri...

...ual amount, in the currency of the contract, shown to cover the same goods covered by the bill of lading and providing for payment of loss to the order of the buyer or for the account of whom it may concern; but the seller may add to the price the amount of the premium for any such war risk insurance; and (4) prepare an invoice of the goods and procure any other documents required to effect shipment or to comply wit...

...Under a contract containing a term C.I.F. or C. & F.: (A) Where the price is based on or is to be adjusted according to "net landed weights ", "delivered weights ", "out turn" quantity or quality or the like, unless otherwise agreed the seller must reasonably estimate the price. The payment due on tender of the documents called for by the contract is the amount so estimated, but after final adjustment of the price a...

...(A) Unless otherwise agreed a term for delivery of goods "ex-ship" (which means from the carrying vessel) or in equivalent language is not restricted to a particular ship and requires delivery from a ship which has reached a place at the named port of destination where goods of the kind are usually discharged. (B) Under such a term unless otherwise agreed: (1) the seller must discharge all liens arising out of the ...

...(A) Where the contract contemplates overseas shipment and contains a term C.I.F. or C. & F. or F.O.B. vessel, the seller unless otherwise agreed must obtain a negotiable bill of lading stating that the goods have been loaded on board or, in the case of a term C.I.F. or C.&F., received for shipment. (B) Where in a case within division (A) of this section, a tangible bill of lading has been issued in a set of pa...

...ted as no longer to conform to the contract or arrive after the contract time, the buyer may proceed as if there had been casualty to identified goods as provided in section 1302.71 of the Revised Code.

...etter of credit is a breach of the contract for sale. (B) The delivery to seller of a proper letter of credit suspends the buyer's obligation to pay. If the letter of credit is dishonored, the seller may on seasonable notification to the buyer require payment directly from him. (C) Unless otherwise agreed the term "letter of credit" or "banker's credit" in a contract for sale means an irrevocable credit issued by a...

...er even though they conform to the contract, the transaction is: (1) a "sale on approval" if the goods are delivered primarily for use, and (2) a "sale or return" if the goods are delivered primarily for resale. (B) Goods held on approval are not subject to the claims of the buyer's creditors until acceptance. Goods held on sale or return are subject to the claims of the buyer's creditor's while in the buyer's ...

...gh the goods are identified to the contract the risk of loss and the title do not pass to the buyer until acceptance; and (2) use of the goods consistent with the purpose of trial is not acceptance but failure seasonably to notify the seller of election to return the goods is acceptance, and if the goods conform to the contract acceptance of any part is acceptance of the whole; and (3) after due notification of ele...

...e time. In either case a bidder may retract his bid until the auctioneer's announcement of completion of the sale, but a bidder's retraction does not revive any previous bid. (D) If the auctioneer knowingly receives a bid on the seller's behalf or the seller makes or procures such a bid, and notice has not been given that liberty for such bidding is reserved, the buyer may at his option avoid the sale or take the go...

...Title to goods cannot pass under a contract for sale prior to their identification to the contract pursuant to section 1302.45 of the Revised Code, and unless otherwise explicitly agreed the buyer acquires by their identification a special property as limited by Chapters 1301., 1302., 1303., 1304., 1305., 1307., 1308., 1309., and 1310. of the Revised Code. Any retention or reservation by the seller of the title...

...ds which have been identified to a contract for sale are subject to the buyer's rights to recover the goods pursuant to sections 1302.46 and 1302.90 of the Revised Code. (B) A creditor of the seller may treat a sale or an identification of goods to a contract for sale as void if as against the seller a retention of possession by the seller is fraudulent under any rule of law of the state where the goods are situate...

... goods have been delivered under a transaction of purchase, the purchaser has such power even though: (1) The transferor was deceived as to the identity of the purchaser, or (2) The delivery was in exchange for a check which is later dishonored, or (3) It was agreed that the transaction was to be a "cash sale", or (4) The delivery was procured through fraud punishable as larcenous under the criminal law. (...

...isting goods as goods to which the contract refers even though the goods so identified are non conforming and he has an option to return or reject them. Such identification can be made at any time and in any manner explicitly agreed to by the parties. In the absence of explicit agreement identification occurs: (1) when the contract is made if it is for the sale of goods already existing and identified; (2) if the ...

...ails to deliver as required by the contract; or (2) In all cases, the seller becomes insolvent within ten days after receipt of the first installment on their price. (B) The buyer's right to recover the goods under division (A)(1) of this section vests upon acquisition of a special property, even if the seller had not then repudiated or failed to deliver. (C) If the identification creating the buyer's special pro...

...defeats the tender. (E) Where the contract requires the seller to deliver documents: (1) the seller must tender all such documents in correct form, except as provided in division (B) of section 1302.36 of the Revised Code; and (2) tender through customary banking channels is sufficient and dishonor of a draft accompanying or associated with the documents constitutes nonacceptance or rejection.

...end the goods to the buyer and the contract does not require him to deliver them at a particular destination, then unless otherwise agreed he must: (A) put the goods in the possession of such a carrier and make such a contract for their transportation as may be reasonable having regard to the nature of the goods and other circumstances of the case; and (B) obtain and promptly deliver or tender in due form any docum...

...eller has identified goods to the contract by or before shipment: (1) the seller's procurement of a negotiable bill of lading to the seller's own order or otherwise reserves in the seller a security interest in the goods. The seller's procurement of the bill to the order of a financing agency or of the buyer indicates in addition only the seller's expectation of transferring that interest to the person named....

...(A) A financing agency by paying or purchasing for value a draft which relates to a shipment of goods acquires to the extent of the payment or purchase and in addition to its own rights under the draft and any document of title securing it any rights of the shipper in the goods including the right to stop delivery and the shipper's right to have the draft honored by the buyer. (B) The right to reimbursement o...

...ds and to payment according to the contract. (B) Where payment is due and demanded on the delivery to the buyer of goods or documents of title, his right as against the seller to retain or dispose of them is conditional upon his making the payment due.