Ohio Revised Code Search

...(A) If a security agreement covers both personal and real property, a secured party may proceed: (1) Under sections 1309.601 to 1309.628 of the Revised Code as to the personal property without prejudicing any rights with respect to the real property; or (2) As to both the personal property and the real property, in accordance with the rights with respect to the real property, in which case the other provisions of s...

...A secured party does not owe a duty based on its status as secured party: (A) To a person who is a debtor or obligor, unless the secured party knows: (1) That the person is a debtor or obligor; (2) The identity of the person; and (3) How to communicate with the person; or (B) To a secured party or lienholder who has filed a financing statement against a person, unless the secured party knows: (1) That the perso...

...For purposes of sections 1309.601 to 1309.628 of the Revised Code, a default occurs in connection with an agricultural lien at the time the secured party becomes entitled to enforce the lien in accordance with the statute under which it was created.

...(A) If so agreed, and in any event after default, a secured party: (1) May notify an account debtor or other person obligated on collateral to make payment or otherwise render performance to or for the benefit of the secured party; (2) May take any proceeds to which the secured party is entitled under section 1309.315 of the Revised Code; (3) May enforce the obligations of an account debtor or other person o...

...(A) If a security interest or agricultural lien secures payment or performance of an obligation, the following rules apply: (1) A secured party shall apply or pay over for application the cash proceeds of collection or enforcement under section 1309.607 of the Revised Code in the following order: (a) The reasonable expenses of collection and enforcement and, to the extent provided for by agreement and not prohibite...

...(A) After default, a secured party: (1) May take possession of the collateral; and (2) Without removal, may render equipment unusable and dispose of collateral on a debtor's premises under section 1309.610 of the Revised Code. (B) A secured party may act under division (A) of this section: (1) Pursuant to judicial process; or (2) Without judicial process if it acts without breach of the peace. (C) If so agreed,...

...ured party may dispose of collateral by public or private proceedings, by one or more contracts, as a unit or in parcels, at any time and place, and on any terms. (C) A secured party may purchase collateral: (1) At a public disposition; or (2) At a private disposition, but only if the collateral is of a kind that is customarily sold on a recognized market or the subject of widely distributed standard price quotati...

...(A) As used in this section, "notification date" means the earlier of the date on which: (1) A secured party sends to the debtor and any secondary obligor an authenticated notification of disposition. or (2) The debtor and any secondary obligor waive the right to notification. (B) Except as provided in division (D) of this section, a secured party who disposes of collateral under section 1309.610 of the Revised Co...

...(A) Except as otherwise provided in division (B) of this section, whether a notification is sent within a reasonable time is a question of fact. (B) A notification of disposition sent after default and ten days or more before the earliest time of disposition set forth in the notification is sent within a reasonable time before the disposition.

...reasonably describes the location, of a public disposition or the time after which any other disposition is to be made. (2) Whether the contents of a notification that lacks any of the information specified in division (A)(1) of this section are nevertheless sufficient is a question of fact. (3) The contents of a notification providing substantially the information specified in division (A)(1) of this section are s...

...roke promises in our agreement. (For a public disposition) We will sell (describe collateral) at public sale. A sale could include a lease or license. The sale will be held as follows: Day and date:_______________ Time:_______________________ Place:______________________ You may attend the sale and bring bidders if you want. (For a private disposition) We will sell (describe collateral) at private sale someti...

...(A) A secured party shall apply or pay over for application the cash proceeds of disposition under section 1309.610 of the Revised Code in the following order to: (1) The reasonable expenses of retaking, holding, preparing for disposition, processing, and disposing, and, to the extent provided for by agreement and not prohibited by law, reasonable attorney's fees and legal expenses incurred by the secured party; (2...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Explanation" means a writing that: (a) States the amount of the surplus or deficiency; (b) Provides an explanation in accordance with division (C) of this section of how the secured party calculated the surplus or deficiency; (c) States, if applicable, that future debits, credits, charges, including additional credit service charges or interest, rebates, and expenses may affect t...

...(A) A secured party's disposition of collateral after default: (1) Transfers to a transferee for value all of the debtor's rights in the collateral; (2) Discharges the security interest under which the disposition is made; and (3) Discharges any subordinate security interest or other subordinate lien other than the liens specified in division (D) of section 1309.109 of the Revised Code. (B) A transferee who acts ...

...(A) A secondary obligor acquires the rights and becomes obligated to perform the duties of the secured party after the secondary obligor: (1) Receives an assignment of a secured obligation from the secured party; (2) Receives a transfer of collateral from the secured party and agrees to accept the rights and assume the duties of the secured party; or (3) Is subrogated to the rights of a secured party with respect...

...(A) As used in this section, "transfer statement" means a record authenticated by a secured party that states: (1) The debtor has defaulted in connection with an obligation secured by specified collateral; (2) The secured party has exercised its post-default remedies with respect to the collateral; (3) By reason of the exercise, a transferee has acquired the rights of the debtor in the collateral; and (4) The nam...

...(A) Except as otherwise provided in division (G) of this section, a secured party may accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures only if: (1) The debtor consents to the acceptance under division (C) of this section; (2) The secured party, within the time prescribed in division (D) of this section, does not receive a notification of objection to the proposal authenticated by: (a)...

...(A) A secured party who desires to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures shall send its proposal to: (1) Any person from whom the secured party has received, before the debtor consented to the acceptance, an authenticated notification of a claim of an interest in the collateral; (2) Any other secured party or lienholder who, ten days before the debtor consented to the accept...

...(A) A secured party's acceptance of collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures: (1) Discharges the obligation to the extent consented to by the debtor; (2) Transfers to the secured party all of a debtor's rights in the collateral; (3) Discharges the security interest or agricultural lien that is the subject of the debtor's consent and any subordinate security interest or other subordin...

...(A) A debtor, any secondary obligor, or any other secured party or lienholder may redeem collateral. (B) To redeem collateral, a person shall tender: (1) Fulfillment of all obligations secured by the collateral; and (2) The reasonable expenses and attorney's fees described in division (A)(1) of section 1309.615 of the Revised Code. (C) A redemption may occur at any time before a secured party: (1) Has collected ...

...(A) A debtor or secondary obligor may waive the right to notification of disposition of collateral under section 1309.611 of the Revised Code only by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated after default. (B) A debtor may waive the right to require disposition of collateral under division (E) of section 1309.620 of the Revised Code only by an agreement to that effect entered into and authenticated...

...(A) If it is established that a secured party is not proceeding in accordance with this chapter, a court may order or restrain collection, enforcement, or disposition of collateral on appropriate terms and conditions. (B) Subject to divisions (C), (D), and (F) of this section, a person is liable for damages in the amount of any loss caused by a failure to comply with this chapter. Loss caused by a failure to comply ...

...In an action arising from a transaction in which the amount of a deficiency or surplus is in issue, the following rules apply: (A) A secured party is not required to prove compliance with sections 1309.601 to 1309.628 of the Revised Code relating to collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance unless the debtor or a secondary obligor places the secured party's compliance in issue. (B) If the secured party's ...

...(A) The fact that a greater amount could have been obtained by a collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance at a different time or in a different method from that selected by the secured party is not of itself sufficient to preclude the secured party from establishing that the collection, enforcement, disposition, or acceptance was made in a commercially reasonable manner. (B) A disposition of collateral is...

...(A) Unless a secured party knows that a person is a debtor or obligor, knows the identity of the person, and knows how to communicate with the person: (1) The secured party is not liable to the person, or to a secured party or lienholder that has filed a financing statement against the person, for failure to comply with this chapter; and (2) The failure of the secured party to comply with this chapter does not affe...

...Street railway companies referred to by section 4951.18 of the Revised Code may consolidate on the terms applicable to the consolidation of railroad companies. No increase of fare shall be allowed on any street railway route by reason of such consolidation. Such companies shall be subject to the regulations provided for street railways and have all the powers, insofar as they are applicable, that other street railwa...

...When the lines or authorized lines of railway of street railway companies meet or intersect, or conveniently can be operated from one power house, or power houses owned, under lease, or operated by one of such companies, or when such line of a street railway company, and that of an inclined-plane railway or railroad company, or any railway operated by electricity conveniently may be connected, to be operated to mutua...

...Section 4951.20 of the Revised Code as to competing lines does not apply to companies whose lines are nearby or wholly situated in a municipal corporation of this state, or to the railway of any street railway company organized in this state which is made or is in process of construction to the boundary line of the state, or to a point within or without the state. Such company may consolidate its capital stock with t...

...When the railways of any street railway company, organized under the laws of this state, are constructed or in process of construction, and are or will be operated by electricity, and connect, or will or can be made to connect with the railways of another street railway company formed by the consolidation of companies organized under the laws of this state, or by the consolidation of a company organized under the law...

...When an interurban railroad company is incorporated and organized under the laws of this state for the purpose of building, acquiring, owning, leasing, operating, and maintaining a railroad to be operated by electricity or other motive power from one municipal corporation or point in this state to another municipal corporation or point in this state, it may agree with a street railway company owning or operating a st...

...While they are running and being operated over and along the tracks of a street railway company in a municipal corporation, the cars of an interurban railroad company are entitled to the privilege enjoyed by and subject to the obligations imposed upon the cars of such street railway company owning or operating its cars in such municipal corporation. They shall be operated only by the motive power which operates the c...

...It is not necessary for an interurban railroad company, in case it uses in a municipal corporation only the tracks of a street railway company owning or operating a street railway in such municipal corporation, to obtain an additional grant, franchise, or right, except by the agreement referred to by section 4951.23 of the Revised Code with such street railway company.

...street railway company. When there is a public park or cemetery on the line of such railway, within one mile of, and owned by, such municipal corporation, such company for such fare must so transport passengers to and from such park or cemetery the same as if either was within the limits of such corporation.

...A company maintaining and operating a street railway or a railroad operated by electricity may lease or purchase all the property, franchises, rights, and privileges of any company organized for the purpose of supplying either electricity or natural or artificial gas, or both, for power, light, heat, or fuel purposes, or which has been engaged in such business in whole or part in any municipal corporation within this...

...A company leasing or purchasing the property, rights, and franchises of an electric light and power company, natural or artificial gas company, or electric light and power and natural or artificial gas company, as provided in section 4951.27 of the Revised Code, has all the rights, power, and authority of the company whose property, rights, and franchises are so leased or purchased. The liability of the electric ligh...

...A company organized for street railway purposes may lease or purchase any street railway, or railroad operated as such and by electric power, or inclined-plane railway, together with all the property, franchises, rights, and privileges respecting the use and operation of such railway, situated or existing in whole or part in this state, constructed and held by any other company, the latter being hereby invested with ...

...Two or more street railway or electric railway companies may enter into any agreement for their common benefit consistent with and calculated to promote the objects for which they were created. No such lease or purchase shall be perfected until a meeting of the stockholders of each of the companies has been called for that purpose by the directors of such companies, on thirty days' notice to each stockholder at such ...

...When a lease or purchase is made as provided in sections 4951.29 and 4951.30 of the Revised Code, there shall be no increase of the existing rates of fare by reason of such lease or purchase, nor shall any fare be charged upon any of the separate routes so leased or purchased in excess of the fare charged over such separate routes prior to the lease or purchase of them. When a lease or purchase is made, the fare char...

...An inclined-plane railway company may construct, operate, and maintain an inclined-plane railway for the conveyance of passengers and freight, or either, with such offices, depots, and other buildings as it deems necessary. Such company may establish and maintain a park or pleasure grounds and for such purpose acquire and hold real estate.

...ch is operated by steam power crosses a public street or highway, it must pass either over or under such street or highway, and shall be constructed in a manner and at such distance above or below it as not to obstruct the ordinary use of the street or highway.

...A city owning or having charge of any public road, street, alley, way, or ground of any kind, or any part thereof, may grant to any railroad company, street railway company, suburban railroad company, or interurban railroad company the right to construct, maintain, and operate by electricity, any elevated railroad along and over such public road, street, alley, way, or ground, except a public landing, or across them ...

...ility of the roads, streets, alleys, or public grounds, or prevent the use of any sewers, street railway tracks and appliances, pipes, wires, and conduits used for any purpose in the streets, alleys, ways, or grounds except temporarily when necessary in the construction of the tunnels or subways, except as provided in sections 4951.35 to 4951.38, inclusive, of the Revised Code. Such elevated structures, crossings, tu...

...so proceeding file with the director of public service of the city detailed plans and specifications for all of said work. No such work shall be commenced unless such plans and specifications have been approved by the director, after notice and hearing, and unless such company files with the director a bond in such amount and with such sureties as the director determines, conditioned to indemnify and save harmless t...

...Any ordinance of any city purporting to grant any rights or privileges contained in sections 4951.35 to 4951.38, inclusive, of the Revised Code, to any company, which grant has been accepted and on account of it money has been expended in good faith, is as valid and effective as if the power in said city to so grant such rights and privileges had been expressly granted to the city.

...The legislative authority of a city may authorize the company operating an elevated or underground railroad to lease space in its tunnel or subway for the purpose of placing pipes, conduits, tubes, and wires for artificial or natural gas, water, sewer, heating, telegraph, telephone, signal service, United States mail, or electricity for light, heat, and power purposes, to any company which has been authorized by the ...

...A grant to construct an elevated or an underground railroad shall only be made upon such conditions as are agreed upon by the legislative authority of the city, and the company operating such elevated or underground railroad. Every such grant shall provide for the rate of fare within the limits of such city.

...After a grant referred to in section 4951.34 of the Revised Code has been made the company operating the elevated or underground railroad may appropriate private property necessary for the use and enjoyment of the grant, including terminals and way stations, for the purpose of constructing and operating its railroad in the manner and upon the terms provided for in sections 163.01 to 163.22, inclusive, of the Revised ...

...done by such construction to private or public property lying upon or near such streets, alleys, ways, or grounds, which may be recovered by civil action brought by the owner before the proper court at any time within two years from the completion of the tracks or railroad.

...Each city making a grant as provided in sections 4951.34, 4951.35, and 4951.39 to 4951.41, inclusive, of the Revised Code, may provide in such grant, upon such conditions as are agreed upon by the legislative authority of the city and the company operating the elevated or underground railroad, for the ultimate purchase and ownership by the city of such railroad or any part of it.

...Every railroad, street railway, suburban railroad, or interurban railroad company to whom a grant has been made as provided in sections 4951.34, 4951.35, and 4951.39 to 4951.42 of the Revised Code, shall notify in writing the authorities making the grant of its rejection or acceptance of the grant at a time fixed by such authorities at the time of making the grant. If, after a grant has been made and accepted by any ...