Ohio Revised Code Search

...(A) Subject to division (B) of this section and notwithstanding any other provision in the Revised Code to the contrary, when a certified copy of a ticket issued by a local authority based on evidence recorded by a traffic law photo-monitoring device is filed with the municipal court or county court with jurisdiction over the civil action, the court shall require the local authority to provide an advance deposit for ...

...A traffic law violation for which a civil penalty is imposed under sections 4511.097 and 4511.098 of the Revised Code is not a moving violation and points shall not be assessed against a person's driver's license under section 4510.036 of the Revised Code. In no case shall such a violation be reported to the bureau of motor vehicles or motor vehicle registration bureau, department, or office of any other state, nor s...

...(A) Upon request, each manufacturer of a traffic law photo-monitoring device shall provide to a local authority utilizing its devices the maintenance record of any such device used in that local authority. (B)(1) Commencing January 2015, not later than the last day of January of each year, the manufacturer of a traffic law photo-monitoring device shall provide to the applicable local authority a certificate of prope...

...A local authority shall not issue a ticket for a violation of section 4511.21 or 4511.211 of the Revised Code or a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance due to failure to observe the applicable speed limit based upon evidence recorded by a traffic law photo-monitoring device unless one of the following applies: (A) For a system location that is located within a school zone or within the boundaries of a state ...

...Sections 4511.092 to 4511.0912 of the Revised Code do not apply to the use of a traffic law photo-monitoring device that is placed on a school bus for the purpose of detecting violations of section 4511.75 of the Revised Code or a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance.

...Sections 4511.092 to 4511.0912 of the Revised Code do not affect in any manner either of the following: (A) Any ban on the use by a local authority of traffic law photo-monitoring devices to detect traffic law violations that is in effect on the effective date of this section, irrespective of the method or means by which such a ban took effect; (B) Any ban on the use by a local authority of traffic law photo-monit...

...The department of transportation may place and maintain traffic control devices, conforming to its manual and specifications, upon all state highways as are necessary to indicate and to carry out sections 4511.01 to 4511.78 and 4511.99 of the Revised Code, or to regulate, warn, or guide traffic. No local authority shall place or maintain any traffic control device upon any highway under the jurisdiction of the depar...

...(A) The director of transportation, in accordance with 23 U.S.C.A. 109(d), 131(f), and 315, as amended, and by rule adopted pursuant to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, shall establish a program for the placement of business logos for identification purposes on state directional signs within the rights-of-way of divided, multi-lane, limited access highways in both rural and urban areas. (B)(1) The director, ...

...As used in sections 4511.102 to 4511.106 of the Revised Code: (A) "Tourist-oriented activity" includes any lawful cultural, historical, recreational, educational, or commercial activity a major portion of whose income or visitors are derived during the normal business season from motorists not residing in the immediate area of the activity and attendance at which is no less than two thousand visitors in any c...

...(A) The director of transportation, in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 109(d) and 315, with the provisions of the manual of uniform traffic control devices relating to tourist-oriented directional signs and trailblazer markers, and with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, shall adopt rules to carry out a program for the placement of tourist-oriented directional signs and trailblazer markers within the rights-of-way of those ...

...(A) The operator of any tourist-oriented activity who wishes to participate in the tourist-oriented directional sign program established under sections 4511.102 to 4511.105 of the Revised Code shall forward a completed application, as provided in section 4511.103 of the Revised Code, to the director of transportation or person holding a contract under division (B) of section 4511.103 of the Revised Code. If the direc...

...Tourist-oriented directional signs shall conform to the specifications contained in the manual of uniform traffic control devices. If more than one eligible attraction requires a sign at the same location, multiple signs may be combined on the same panel in accordance with the manual of uniform traffic control devices. Advance signing may be installed in those situations where sight distance, intersection ve...

...The legislative authority of a local authority may adopt a resolution establishing a program for the placement of tourist-oriented directional signs and trailblazer markers within the rights-of-way of streets and highways under its jurisdiction. Any program established under this section shall conform to the rules and specifications contained in the program established by the director of transportation pursuant...

...The department of transportation shall not enter into any program to purchase or acquire any outdoor advertising device for which a valid permit has been issued by this state, except in cases of eminent domain involving an appropriation pursuant to Chapter 163. of the Revised Code, unless the purchase or acquisition program is first approved by the general assembly.

...The director of transportation shall adopt rules under Chapter 119. of the Revised Code to establish a traffic generator sign program and shall set forth in the traffic engineering manual the specifications for a uniform system of traffic generator signs and the criteria for participation in the program. The director shall establish, and may revise at any time, an annual fee to be charged for participation in t...

...(A) Local authorities in their respective jurisdictions shall place and maintain traffic control devices in accordance with the department of transportation manual for a uniform system of traffic control devices, adopted under section 4511.09 of the Revised Code, upon highways under their jurisdiction as are necessary to indicate and to carry out sections 4511.01 to 4511.76 and 4511.99 of the Revised Code, loca...

...(A) No pedestrian, driver of a vehicle, or operator of a streetcar or trackless trolley shall disobey the instructions of any traffic control device placed in accordance with this chapter, unless at the time otherwise directed by a police officer. No provision of this chapter for which signs are required shall be enforced against an alleged violator if at the time and place of the alleged violation an official sign...

...(A)(1) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, any operator of a commercial motor vehicle, upon approaching a scale location established for the purpose of determining the weight of the vehicle and its load, shall comply with any traffic control device or the order of a peace officer directing the vehicle to proceed to be weighed or otherwise inspected. (2) Any operator of a commercial motor vehicle, upo...

...(A) The department of transportation shall include a sign, in the department's manual for a uniform system of traffic control devices adopted under section 4511.09 of the Revised Code, regarding the prohibition against using an electronic wireless communications device while driving, as established under section 4511.204 of the Revised Code. (B) The director of transportation shall erect the signs established by th...

...Highway traffic signal indications for vehicles and pedestrians shall have the following meanings: (A) Steady green signal indication: (1)(a) Vehicular traffic, streetcars, and trackless trolleys facing a circular green signal indication are permitted to proceed straight through or turn right or left or make a u-turn movement except as such movement is modified by a lane-use sign, turn prohibition sign, lane ...

...The meanings of lane-use control signal indications are as follows: (A) A steady downward green arrow: A road user is permitted to drive in the lane over which the arrow signal indication is located. (B) A steady yellow "X": A road user is to prepare to vacate the lane over which the signal indication is located because a lane control change is being made to a steady red "X" signal indication. (C) A steady ...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley who approaches an intersection where traffic is controlled by traffic control signals shall do all of the following if the signal facing the driver exhibits no colored lights or colored lighted arrows, exhibits a combination of such lights or arrows that fails to clearly indicate the assignment of right-of-way, or, if the vehicle is a bicycle or an electric...

...Whenever special pedestrian control signals exhibiting the words "walk" or "don't walk," or the symbol of a walking person or an upraised palm are in place, such signals shall indicate the following instructions: (A) A steady walking person signal indication, which symbolizes "walk," means that a pedestrian facing the signal indication is permitted to start to cross the roadway in the direction of the signal ...

...Bicycle symbol signal indications have the following meanings: (A) A steady green bicycle signal indication means that bicyclists are permitted to enter the intersection only to make the movement indicated by the lane-use arrow displayed on the bicycle signal sign that is located immediately adjacent to the bicycle signal face. Bicyclists proceeding into the intersection during the display of the indication shall y...

...(A) No person shall place, maintain, or display upon or in view of any highway any unauthorized sign, signal, marking, or device which purports to be, is an imitation of, or resembles a traffic control device or railroad sign or signal, or which attempts to direct the movement of traffic or hides from view or interferes with the effectiveness of any traffic control device or any railroad sign or signal, and no person...

...(A) No person, without lawful authority, shall do any of the following: (1) Knowingly move, deface, damage, destroy, or otherwise improperly tamper with any traffic control device, any railroad sign or signal, or any inscription, shield, or insignia on the device, sign, or signal, or any part of the device, sign, or signal; (2) Knowingly drive upon or over any freshly applied pavement marking material on the surfac...

...(A) As used in this section, "traffic control device" means any sign, traffic control signal, or other device conforming to and placed or erected in accordance with the manual adopted under section 4511.09 of the Revised Code by authority of a public body or official having jurisdiction, for the purpose of regulating, warning, or guiding traffic, including signs denoting the names of streets and highways, but does no...

...essel underway or from manipulating any water skis, aquaplane, or similar device on the waters of this state while under the influence of alcohol, a drug of abuse, or a combination of them or prohibiting a person from operating or being in physical control of any vessel underway or from manipulating any water skis, aquaplane, or similar device on the waters of this state with a prohibited concentration of alcohol, a ...

...(A)(1) No person shall operate any vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley within this state, if, at the time of the operation, any of the following apply: (a) The person is under the influence of alcohol, a drug of abuse, or a combination of them. (b) The person has a concentration of eight-hundredths of one per cent or more but less than seventeen-hundredths of one per cent by weight per unit volume of alcohol...

...(A)(1) As used in this section: (a) "Physical control" has the same meaning as in section 4511.194 of the Revised Code. (b) "Alcohol monitoring device" means any device that provides for continuous alcohol monitoring, any ignition interlock device, any immobilizing or disabling device other than an ignition interlock device that is constantly available to monitor the concentration of alcohol in a person's syste...

...(A) Except as provided in division (A)(5) of section 4511.191 of the Revised Code, the arresting law enforcement officer shall give advice in accordance with this section to any person under arrest for a violation of division (A) or (B) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code, section 4511.194 of the Revised Code or a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, or a municipal OVI ordinance. The officer shall give th...

...(A) Twenty-five dollars of any fine imposed for a violation of a municipal OVI ordinance shall be deposited into the municipal or county indigent drivers alcohol treatment fund created pursuant to division (H) of section 4511.191 of the Revised Code in accordance with this section and section 733.40, divisions (A), (B), and (C) of section 1901.024, division (F) of section 1901.31, or division (C) of section 1907.20 o...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "National highway traffic safety administration" has the same meaning as in section 4511.19 of the Revised Code. (2) "Physical control" means being in the driver's position of the front seat of a vehicle or in the driver's position of a streetcar or trackless trolley and having possession of the vehicle's, streetcar's, or trackless trolley's ignition key or other ignition device. (...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Arrested person" means a person who is arrested for a violation of division (A) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code or a municipal OVI ordinance and whose arrest results in a vehicle being seized under division (B) of this section. (2) "Vehicle owner" means either of the following: (a) The person in whose name is registered, at the time of the seizure, a vehicle that is sei...

...(A) If a person is arrested for being in physical control of a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley in violation of section 4511.194 of the Revised Code or a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, or for operating a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley in violation of division (A) or (B) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code or a municipal OVI ordinance, regardless of whether the person's driver's or ...

...(A) If a person is arrested for operating a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley in violation of division (A) or (B) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code or a municipal OVI ordinance or for being in physical control of a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley in violation of section 4511.194 of the Revised Code or a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance and if the person's driver's or commercial drive...

...(A)(1) If a court grants limited driving privilege to a person who is described in division (B) of this section and who is alleged to have committed a violation of division (A) of section 4511.19 of the Revised Code or of a substantially equivalent municipal ordinance, the court as a condition of granting limited driving privileges may prohibit the person from consuming any beer or intoxicating liquor and may re...

...(A) No person shall operate a vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar on any street or highway in willful or wanton disregard of the safety of persons or property. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traff...

...(A) No person shall operate a vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar on any public or private property other than streets or highways, in willful or wanton disregard of the safety of persons or property. This section does not apply to the competitive operation of vehicles on public or private property when the owner of such property knowingly permits such operation thereon. (B) Except as otherwise provided in thi...

...(A) No person shall operate a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, streetcar, agricultural tractor, or agricultural tractor that is towing, pulling, or otherwise drawing a unit of farm machinery on any street, highway, or property open to the public for vehicular traffic without being in reasonable control of the vehicle, trolley, streetcar, agricultural tractor, or unit of farm machinery. (B) Whoever violates ...

...(A) No person shall permit a motor vehicle owned by the person or under the person's control to be driven by another if any of the following apply: (1) The offender knows or has reasonable cause to believe that the other person does not have a valid driver's or commercial driver's license or permit or valid nonresident driving privileges. (2) The offender knows or has reasonable cause to believe that the oth...

...(A) No person shall operate a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar on any street, highway, or property open to the public for vehicular traffic while using, holding, or physically supporting with any part of the person's body an electronic wireless communications device. (B) Division (A) of this section does not apply to any of the following: (1) A person using an electronic wireless communications de...

...(A) No holder of a temporary instruction permit who has not attained the age of eighteen years and no holder of a probationary driver's license shall drive a motor vehicle on any street, highway, or property used by the public for purposes of vehicular traffic or parking while using in any manner an electronic wireless communications device. (B) Division (A) of this section does not apply to either of the following...

...(A) No person shall operate a motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar at a speed greater or less than is reasonable or proper, having due regard to the traffic, surface, and width of the street or highway and any other conditions, and no person shall drive any motor vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar in and upon any street or highway at a greater speed than will permit the person to bring it to a stop wi...

...(A) The owner of a private road or driveway located in a private residential area containing twenty or more dwelling units may establish a speed limit on the road or driveway by complying with all of the following requirements: (1) The speed limit is not less than twenty-five miles per hour and is indicated by a sign that is in a proper position, is sufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant person, ...

...(A) As used in this section, "local authority" means the legislative authority of a municipal corporation, the board of trustees of a township, or the board of county commissioners of a county. (B) The board of education or the chief administrative officer operating or in charge of any school may submit a written complaint to the director of transportation alleging that a local authority is not complying with sectio...

...(A) The driver of a motor vehicle, upon approaching a stationary public safety vehicle, emergency vehicle, road service vehicle, waste collection vehicle, vehicle used by the public utilities commission to conduct motor vehicle inspections in accordance with sections 4923.04 and 4923.06 of the Revised Code, or a highway maintenance vehicle that is displaying the appropriate visual signals by means of flashing, oscill...

...(A)(1) No person shall operate a low-speed vehicle upon any street or highway having an established speed limit greater than thirty-five miles per hour. (2) No person shall operate an under-speed or utility vehicle or a mini-truck upon any street or highway except as follows: (a) Upon a street or highway having an established speed limit not greater than thirty-five miles per hour and only upon such streets o...

...(A) By ordinance or resolution, a local authority may authorize the operation of under-speed or utility vehicles or mini-trucks on a public street or highway under its jurisdiction. A local authority that authorizes the operation of under-speed or utility vehicles or mini-trucks shall do all of the following: (1) Limit the operation of those vehicles to streets and highways having an established speed limit n...

...Notwithstanding sections 4511.214 and 4511.215 of the Revised Code, a person may operate a utility vehicle on any public roads or right-of-way, other than a freeway, when traveling from one farm field to another for agricultural purposes if the vehicle is displaying a triangular slow-moving vehicle emblem as described in section 4513.112 of the Revised Code.

...(A) No person shall stop or operate a vehicle, trackless trolley, or street car at such an unreasonably slow speed as to impede or block the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, except when stopping or reduced speed is necessary for safe operation or to comply with law. (B) Whenever the director of transportation or local authorities determine on the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation that slow...

...(A) No person shall operate a vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar over any bridge or other elevated structure constituting a part of a highway at a speed which is greater than the maximum speed that can be maintained with safety to such bridge or structure, when such structure is posted with signs as provided in this section. The department of transportation upon request from any local authority shall, or upon ...

...The prima-facie speed limitations set forth in section 4511.21 of the Revised Code do not apply to emergency vehicles or public safety vehicles when they are responding to emergency calls and are equipped with and displaying at least one flashing, rotating, or oscillating light visible under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of five hundred feet to the front of the vehicle and when the drivers thereof sou...

...(A) Upon all roadways of sufficient width, a vehicle or trackless trolley shall be driven upon the right half of the roadway, except as follows: (1) When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction, or when making a left turn under the rules governing such movements; (2) When an obstruction exists making it necessary to drive to the left of the center of the highway; provided, any person...

...(A) As used in this section and section 4510.036 of the Revised Code: (1) "Street racing" means the operation of two or more vehicles from a point side by side at accelerating speeds in a competitive attempt to out-distance each other or the operation of one or more vehicles over a common selected course, from the same point to the same point, wherein timing is made of the participating vehicles involving competiti...

...In townships in this state composed entirely of islands, the legislative authority of a municipal corporation, the county commissioners of the county wherein such township is located, and the trustees of such township may, by joint consent, cause any road, street, or highway in said township, whether within or without the limits of a municipal corporation, excepting state highways, to be closed to public travel, exce...

...(A) Operators of vehicles and trackless trolleys proceeding in opposite directions shall pass each other to the right, and upon roadways having width for not more than one line of traffic in each direction, each operator shall give to the other one-half of the main traveled portion of the roadway or as nearly one-half as is reasonable possible. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this...

...(A) The following rules govern the overtaking and passing of vehicles or trackless trolleys proceeding in the same direction: (1) The operator of a vehicle or trackless trolley overtaking another vehicle or trackless trolley proceeding in the same direction shall, except as provided in division (A)(3) of this section, signal to the vehicle or trackless trolley to be overtaken, shall pass to the left thereof at a saf...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle or trackless trolley may overtake and pass upon the right of another vehicle or trackless trolley only under the following conditions: (1) When the vehicle or trackless trolley overtaken is making or about to make a left turn; (2) Upon a roadway with unobstructed pavement of sufficient width for two or more lines of vehicles moving lawfully in the direction being traveled by the overtaki...

...(A) No vehicle or trackless trolley shall be driven to the left of the center of the roadway in overtaking and passing traffic proceeding in the same direction, unless such left side is clearly visible and is free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance ahead to permit such overtaking and passing to be completely made, without interfering with the safe operation of any traffic approaching from the opposite dire...

...(A) No vehicle or trackless trolley shall be driven upon the left side of the roadway under the following conditions: (1) When approaching the crest of a grade or upon a curve in the highway, where the operator's view is obstructed within such a distance as to create a hazard in the event traffic might approach from the opposite direction; (2) When the view is obstructed upon approaching within one hundred feet of ...

...(A) The department of transportation may determine those portions of any state highway where overtaking and passing other traffic or driving to the left of the center or center line of the roadway would be especially hazardous and may, by appropriate signs or markings on the highway, indicate the beginning and end of such zones. When such signs or markings are in place and clearly visible, every operator of a vehicle...

...(A) The department of transportation may designate any highway or any separate roadway under its jurisdiction for one-way traffic and shall erect appropriate signs giving notice thereof. Upon a roadway designated and posted with signs for one- way traffic a vehicle shall be driven only in the direction designated. A vehicle passing around a rotary traffic island shall be driven only to the right of the rotary traf...

...(A) Whenever any roadway has been divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for traffic, or wherever within municipal corporations traffic is lawfully moving in two or more substantially continuous lines in the same direction, the following rules apply: (1) A vehicle or trackless trolley shall be driven, as nearly as is practicable, entirely within a single lane or line of traffic and shall not be moved from suc...

...(A) The operator of a motor vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley shall not follow another vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley more closely than is reasonable and prudent, having due regard for the speed of such vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley, and the traffic upon and the condition of the highway. The driver of any truck, or motor vehicle drawing another vehicle, when traveling upon a roadway outsi...

...(A) Whenever any highway has been divided into two roadways by an intervening space, or by a physical barrier, or clearly indicated dividing section so constructed as to impede vehicular traffic, every vehicle shall be driven only upon the right-hand roadway, and no vehicle shall be driven over, across, or within any such dividing space, barrier, or section, except through an opening, crossover, or intersection estab...

...(A) The department of transportation shall include sign R4-16 of the federal manual of uniform traffic control devices that states "keep right except to pass" in the department's manual for a uniform system of traffic control devices adopted under section 4511.09 of the Revised Code. (B) The director of transportation shall erect "keep right except to pass" signs along the right-hand roadway of a freeway that consis...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle intending to turn at an intersection shall be governed by the following rules: (1) Approach for a right turn and a right turn shall be made as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway. (2) At any intersection where traffic is permitted to move in both directions on each roadway entering the intersection, an approach for a left turn shall be made in that portion ...

...(A) Except as provided in section 4511.13 of the Revised Code and division (B) of this section, no vehicle shall be turned so as to proceed in the opposite direction upon any curve, or upon the approach to or near the crest of a grade, if the vehicle cannot be seen within five hundred feet by the driver of any other vehicle approaching from either direction. (B) The driver of an emergency vehicle or public safety...

...(A) No person shall start a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley which is stopped, standing, or parked until such movement can be made with reasonable safety. Before backing, operators of vehicle, streetcars, or trackless trolleys shall give ample warning, and while backing they shall exercise vigilance not to injure person or property on the street or highway. No person shall back a motor vehicle on a freeway,...

...(A) No person shall turn a vehicle or trackless trolley or move right or left upon a highway unless and until such person has exercised due care to ascertain that the movement can be made with reasonable safety nor without giving an appropriate signal in the manner hereinafter provided. When required, a signal of intention to turn or move right or left shall be given continuously during not less than the last one hu...

...(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, all signals required by sections 4511.01 to 4511.78 of the Revised Code, when given by hand and arm, shall be given from the left side of the vehicle in the following manner, and such signals shall indicate as follows: (1) Left turn, hand and arm extended horizontally; (2) Right turn, hand and arm extended upward; (3) Stop or decrease speed, hand and arm exte...

...(A) When two vehicles, including any trackless trolley or streetcar, approach or enter an intersection from different streets or highways at approximately the same time, the driver of the vehicle on the left shall yield the right-of-way to the vehicle on the right. (B) The right-of-way rule declared in division (A) of this section is modified at through highways and otherwise as stated in Chapter 4511. of the Revise...

...(A) The operator of a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley intending to turn to the left within an intersection or into an alley, private road, or driveway shall yield the right of way to any vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley approaching from the opposite direction, whenever the approaching vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley is within the intersection or so close to the intersection, alley, private r...

...(A) Except when directed to proceed by a law enforcement officer, every driver of a vehicle or trackless trolley approaching a stop sign shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or, if none, then at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering i...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle or trackless trolley emerging from an alley, building, private road, or driveway within a business or residence district shall stop the vehicle or trackless trolley immediately prior to driving onto a sidewalk or onto the sidewalk area extending across the alley, building entrance, road, or driveway, or in the event there is no sidewalk area, shall stop at the point nearest the street to b...

...(A) The owner of a private road or driveway located in a private residential area containing twenty or more dwelling units may erect stop signs at places where the road or driveway intersects with another private road or driveway in the residential area, in compliance with all of the following requirements: (1) The stop sign is sufficiently legible to be seen by an ordinarily observant person and meets the specifica...

...(A) The operator of a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley about to enter or cross a highway from any place other than another roadway shall yield the right of way to all traffic approaching on the roadway to be entered or crossed. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian on a sidewalk. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the...

...(A)(1) Upon the approach of a public safety vehicle or coroner's vehicle, equipped with at least one flashing, rotating or oscillating light visible under normal atmospheric conditions from a distance of five hundred feet to the front of the vehicle and the driver is giving an audible signal by siren, exhaust whistle, or bell, no driver of any other vehicle shall fail to yield the right-of-way, immediately drive if p...

...(A) As used in this section, "funeral procession" means two or more vehicles accompanying the cremated remains or the body of a deceased person in the daytime when each of the vehicles has its headlights lighted and is displaying a purple and white or an orange and white pennant attached to each vehicle in such a manner as to be clearly visible to traffic approaching from any direction. (B) Excepting public safety ...

...(A) Upon the immediate approach of a public safety vehicle, as stated in section 4511.45 of the Revised Code, every pedestrian shall yield the right-of-way to the public safety vehicle. (B) This section shall not relieve the driver of a public safety vehicle from the duty to exercise due care to avoid colliding with any pedestrian. (C) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is ...

...(A) Neither the owner, the operator, or an employee of a funeral home nor the owner or operator of a funeral escort vehicle is liable in damages in a civil action for injury, death, or loss to person or property that allegedly arises from the movement of a funeral procession if either of the following applies: (1) The movement of the funeral procession is in accordance with section 4511.451 of the Revised Code. (2)...

...(A) When the failure of a motor vehicle operator to yield the right-of-way to a public safety vehicle as required by division (A) of section 4511.45 of the Revised Code impedes the ability of the public safety vehicle to respond to an emergency, any emergency personnel in the public safety vehicle may report the license plate number and a general description of the vehicle and the operator of the vehicle to the law e...

...(A) When traffic control signals are not in place, not in operation, or are not clearly assigning the right- of-way, the driver of a vehicle, trackless trolley, or streetcar shall yield the right of way, slowing down or stopping if need be to so yield or if required by section 4511.132 of the Revised Code, to a pedestrian crossing the roadway within a crosswalk when the pedestrian is upon the half of the roadway upon...

...(A) As used in this section "blind person" or "blind pedestrian" means a person having not more than 20/200 visual acuity in the better eye with correcting lenses or visual acuity greater than 20/200 but with a limitation in the fields of vision such that the widest diameter of the visual field subtends an angle no greater than twenty degrees. The driver of every vehicle shall yield the right of way to every blind p...

...(A) Every pedestrian crossing a roadway at any point other than within a marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection shall yield the right of way to all vehicles, trackless trolleys, or streetcars upon the roadway. (B) Any pedestrian crossing a roadway at a point where a pedestrian tunnel or overhead pedestrian crossing has been provided shall yield the right of way to all traffic upon the r...

...(A) A pedestrian who is under the influence of alcohol, any drug of abuse, or any combination of them to a degree that renders the pedestrian a hazard shall not walk or be upon a highway. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predic...

...(A) Pedestrians shall move, whenever practicable, upon the right half of crosswalks. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the four...

...Every person operating a motorized wheelchair shall have all of the rights and duties applicable to a pedestrian that are contained in this chapter, except those provisions which by their nature can have no application.

...(A) Where a sidewalk is provided and its use is practicable, it shall be unlawful for any pedestrian to walk along and upon an adjacent roadway. (B) Where a sidewalk is not available, any pedestrian walking along and upon a highway shall walk only on a shoulder, as far as practicable from the edge of the roadway. (C) Where neither a sidewalk nor a shoulder is available, any pedestrian walking along and upon a highw...

...(A) No person while on a roadway outside a safety zone shall solicit a ride from the driver of any vehicle. (B)(1) Except as provided in division (B)(2) of this section, no person shall stand on a highway for the purpose of soliciting employment, business, or contributions from the occupant of any vehicle. (2) The legislative authority of a municipal corporation, by ordinance, may authorize the issuance of a permit...

...(A) No pedestrian shall enter or remain upon any bridge or approach thereto beyond the bridge signal, gate, or barrier after a bridge operation signal indication has been given. (B) No pedestrian shall pass through, around, over, or under any crossing gate or barrier at a railroad grade crossing or bridge while the gate or barrier is closed or is being opened or closed. (C) Except as otherwise provided in this divi...

...(A)(1) Electric personal assistive mobility devices may be operated on the public streets, highways, sidewalks, and paths and portions of roadways set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles in accordance with this section. (2) Except as otherwise provided in this section, those sections of this chapter that by their nature are applicable to an electric personal assistive mobility device apply to the device and the ...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Eligible entity" means a corporation, partnership, association, firm, sole proprietorship, or other entity engaged in business. (2) "Personal delivery device" means an electrically powered device to which all of the following apply: (a) The device is intended primarily to transport property and cargo on sidewalks and crosswalks. (b) The device weighs less than five hundred fi...

...(A)(1) A low-speed micromobility device may be operated on the public streets, highways, sidewalks, and shared-use paths, and may be operated on any portions of roadways set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles in accordance with this section. (2) Except as otherwise provided in this section, those sections of this chapter that by their nature could apply to a low-speed micromobility device do apply to the devic...

...(A) Sections 4511.01 to 4511.78, 4511.99, and 4513.01 to 4513.37 of the Revised Code that are applicable to bicycles and electric bicycles apply whenever a bicycle or electric bicycle is operated upon any highway or upon any path set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles. (B) Except as provided in division (D) of this section, a bicycle operator or electric bicycle operator who violates any section of the Revised ...

...(A) No person shall operate a motorized bicycle upon a highway or any public or private property used by the public for purposes of vehicular travel or parking, unless all of the following conditions are met: (1) The person is fourteen or fifteen years of age and holds a valid probationary motorized bicycle license issued after the person has passed the test provided for in this section, or the person is sixteen ye...

...(A)(1) On and after January 1, 2020, manufacturers and distributors of electric bicycles shall permanently affix a label, in a prominent location, to each electric bicycle. The label shall specify whether the electric bicycle is a class 1, class 2, or class 3 electric bicycle, the top assisted speed that the electric bicycle is capable of reaching, and the motor wattage of the electric bicycle. (2) No person shall ...

...(A) For purposes of this section, "snowmobile" has the same meaning as given that term in section 4519.01 of the Revised Code. (B) No person operating a bicycle or electric bicycle shall ride other than upon or astride the permanent and regular seat attached thereto or carry any other person upon such bicycle or electric bicycle other than upon a firmly attached and regular seat thereon, and no person shall ride up...

...(A) No person riding upon any bicycle, electric bicycle, coaster, roller skates, sled, skateboard, or toy vehicle shall attach the same or self to any streetcar, trackless trolley, or vehicle upon a roadway. No operator shall knowingly permit any person riding upon any bicycle, electric bicycle, coaster, roller skates, sled, skateboard, or toy vehicle to attach the same or self to any streetcar, trackless trolley, o...

...(A) Every person operating a bicycle or electric bicycle upon a roadway shall ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable obeying all traffic rules applicable to vehicles and exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. (B) Persons riding bicycles, electric bicycles, or motorcycles upon a roadway shall ride not more than two abreast in a single lane, ...

...(A) Every bicycle or electric bicycle when in use at the times specified in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code, shall be equipped with the following: (1) A lamp mounted on the front of either the bicycle or electric bicycle or the operator that shall emit a white light visible from a distance of at least five hundred feet to the front and three hundred feet to the sides. A generator-powered lamp that emits light on...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle shall not overtake and pass upon the left nor drive upon the left side of any streetcar proceeding in the same direction, whether such streetcar is in motion or at rest, except: (1) When so directed by a police officer or traffic control device; (2) When upon a one-way street; (3) When upon a street where the tracks are so located as to prevent compliance with this section; (4) When au...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle overtaking upon the right any streetcar stopped for the purpose of receiving or discharging any passenger shall stop such vehicle at least five feet to the rear of the nearest running board or door of such streetcar and remain standing until all passengers have boarded such streetcar, or upon alighting therefrom have reached a place of safety, except that where a safety zone has been estab...

...(A) The driver of any vehicle proceeding upon any streetcar tracks in front of a streetcar shall remove such vehicle from the track as soon as practicable after signal from the operator of said streetcar. The driver of a vehicle upon overtaking and passing a streetcar shall not turn in front of such streetcar unless such movement can be made in safety. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever viol...

...(A) No vehicle shall at any time be driven through or within a safety zone. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or traffic offense, whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree...

...(A) As used in this section, "active grade crossing warning device" means signs, signals, gates, or other protective devices erected or installed at a public highway-railway crossing at common grade and activated by an electrical circuit. (B) The department of transportation and local authorities in their respective jurisdictions, with the approval of the department, may designate dangerous highway crossings over ra...

...(A)(1) Whenever any person driving a vehicle or trackless trolley approaches a railroad grade crossing, the person shall stop within fifty feet, but not less than fifteen feet from the nearest rail of the railroad if any of the following circumstances exist at the crossing: (a) A clearly visible electric or mechanical signal device gives warning of the immediate approach of a train or other on-track equipment. (b...

...(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, the operator of any bus, any school vehicle, or any vehicle transporting a material or materials required to be placarded under 49 C.F.R. Parts 100-185, before crossing at grade any track of a railroad, shall stop the vehicle and, while so stopped, shall listen through an open door or open window and look in both directions along the track for any approaching tr...

...(A) No person shall operate or move any crawler-type tractor, steam shovel, derrick, roller, or any equipment or structure having a normal operating speed of six or less miles per hour or a vertical body or load clearance of less than nine inches above the level surface of a roadway, upon or across any tracks at a railroad grade crossing without first complying with divisions (A)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Bef...

...(A) All state routes are hereby designated as through highways, provided that stop signs, yield signs, or traffic control signals shall be erected at all intersections with such through highways by the department of transportation as to highways under its jurisdiction and by local authorities as to highways under their jurisdiction, except as otherwise provided in this section. Where two or more state routes that are...

...(A) Upon any highway outside a business or residence district, no person shall stop, park, or leave standing any vehicle, whether attended or unattended, upon the paved or main traveled part of the highway if it is practicable to stop, park, or so leave such vehicle off the paved or main traveled part of said highway. In every event a clear and unobstructed portion of the highway opposite such standing vehicle shall ...

...(A) No person driving or in charge of a motor vehicle shall permit it to stand unattended without first stopping the engine, locking the ignition, removing the key from the ignition, effectively setting the parking brake, and, when the motor vehicle is standing upon any grade, turning the front wheels to the curb or side of the highway. The requirements of this section relating to the stopping of the engine, locking...

...Whenever any police officer finds a vehicle standing upon a highway in violation of section 4511.66 of the Revised Code, such officer may move such vehicle, or require the driver or other person in charge of the vehicle to move the same, to a position off the paved or improved or main traveled part of such highway. Whenever any police officer finds a vehicle unattended upon any highway, bridge, or causeway, or in an...

...(A) No person shall stand or park a trackless trolley or vehicle, except when necessary to avoid conflict with other traffic or to comply with sections 4511.01 to 4511.78, 4511.99, and 4513.01 to 4513.37 of the Revised Code, or while obeying the directions of a police officer or a traffic control device, in any of the following places: (1) On a sidewalk, except as provided in division (B) of this section; (2) In ...

...(A) If an owner of private property posts on the property, in a conspicuous manner, a prohibition against parking on the property or conditions and regulations under which parking is permitted, no person shall do either of the following: (1) Park a vehicle on the property without the owner's consent; (2) Park a vehicle on the property in violation of any condition or regulation posted by the owner. (B) Whoever vio...

...(A) Every vehicle stopped or parked upon a roadway where there is an adjacent curb shall be stopped or parked with the right-hand wheels of the vehicle parallel with and not more than twelve inches from the right-hand curb, unless it is impossible to approach so close to the curb; in such case the stop shall be made as close to the curb as possible and only for the time necessary to discharge and receive passengers o...

...(A) No person shall drive a vehicle or trackless trolley when it is so loaded, or when there are in the front seat such number of persons, as to obstruct the view of the driver to the front or sides of the vehicle or to interfere with the driver's control over the driving mechanism of the vehicle. (B) No passenger in a vehicle or trackless trolley shall ride in such position as to interfere with the driver's view ah...

...(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, no person shall occupy any travel trailer, fifth wheel trailer, or manufactured or mobile home while it is being used as a conveyance upon a street or highway. (B) Division (A) of this section does not apply to a fifth wheel trailer when both of the following apply: (1) Any child riding in the fifth wheel trailer is properly secured in the manner provided in...

...(A) No person shall drive upon, along, or across a street or highway, or any part of a street or highway that has been closed in the process of its construction, reconstruction, or repair, and posted with appropriate signs by the authority having jurisdiction to close such highway. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one year o...

...(A) No person shall drive any vehicle, other than a bicycle or an electric bicycle if the motor is not engaged, upon a sidewalk or sidewalk area except upon a permanent or duly authorized temporary driveway. This prohibition does not apply to a law enforcement officer, or other person sworn to enforce the criminal and traffic laws of the state, using an electric bicycle with the motor engaged while in the performan...

...(A) No driver shall enter an intersection or marked crosswalk or drive onto any railroad grade crossing unless there is sufficient space on the other side of the intersection, crosswalk, or grade crossing to accommodate the vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley the driver is operating without obstructing the passage of other vehicles, streetcars, trackless trolleys, pedestrians, or railroad trains, notwithstanding...

...(A) No person shall operate a motor vehicle, snowmobile, or all-purpose vehicle upon any path set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles, when an appropriate sign giving notice of such use is posted on the path. Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect any rule of the director of natural resources governing the operation of motor vehicles, snowmobiles, all-purpose vehicles, and bicycles on lands under t...

...hat is temporarily covered by a rise in water level, including groundwater or an overflow of water, and that is clearly marked by a sign that specifies that the road is closed due to the rise in water level and that any person who uses the closed portion of the road may be fined up to two thousand dollars. (B) A person who is issued a citation for a violation of division (A) of this section is not permitted to enter...

...(A) The driver of any vehicle, other than an emergency vehicle or public safety vehicle on official business, shall not follow any emergency vehicle or public safety vehicle traveling in response to an alarm closer than five hundred feet, or drive into or park such vehicle within the block where fire apparatus has stopped in answer to a fire alarm, unless directed to do so by a police officer or a firefighter. (B) E...

...(A) No streetcar, trackless trolley, or vehicle shall, without the consent of the fire department official in command, be driven over any unprotected hose of a fire department that is laid down on any street, private driveway, or streetcar track to be used at any fire or alarm of fire. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor. If, within one ye...

...(A) No person shall place or knowingly drop upon any part of a highway, lane, road, street, or alley any tacks, bottles, wire, glass, nails, or other articles which may damage or injure any person, vehicle, streetcar, trackless trolley, or animal traveling along or upon such highway, except such substances that may be placed upon the roadway by proper authority for the repair or construction thereof. Any person who ...

...(A) The driver of a vehicle, streetcar, or trackless trolley upon meeting or overtaking from either direction any school bus stopped for the purpose of receiving or discharging any school child, person attending programs offered by community boards of mental health and county boards of developmental disabilities, or child attending a program offered by a head start agency, shall stop at least ten feet from the front ...

...As used in this section, "license plate" includes, but is not limited to, any temporary motor vehicle license registration issued under section 4503.182 of the Revised Code or similar law of another jurisdiction. When the operator of a school bus believes that a motorist has violated division (A) of section 4511.75 of the Revised Code, the operator shall report the license plate number and a general description of ...

...(A) The department of public safety, by and with the advice of the department of education and workforce, shall adopt and enforce rules relating to the construction, design, and equipment, including lighting equipment required by section 4511.771 of the Revised Code, of all school buses both publicly and privately owned and operated in this state. (B) The department of education and workforce, by and with the advi...

...(A) The state highway patrol shall inspect every school bus to ascertain whether its construction, design, and equipment comply with the regulations adopted pursuant to section 4511.76 of the Revised Code and all other provisions of law. The superintendent of the state highway patrol shall adopt a distinctive inspection decal not less than twelve inches in size, and bearing the date of the inspection, which shall be...

...(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, no person who is the owner of a bus that previously was registered as a school bus that is used or is to be used exclusively for purposes other than the transportation of children, shall operate the bus or permit it to be operated within this state unless the bus has been painted a color different from that prescribed for school buses by section 4511.77 of the R...

...(A) No person, partnership, association, or corporation shall transport pupils to or from school on a school bus or enter into a contract with a board of education of any school district for the transportation of pupils on a school bus, without being licensed by the department of public safety. Notwithstanding the requirements for a license issued under this division, the director shall issue a license in accordanc...

...(A) The superintendent of the state highway patrol shall require school buses to be registered, in the name of the owner, with the state highway patrol on forms and in accordance with regulations as the superintendent may adopt. When the superintendent is satisfied that the registration has been completed, the superintendent shall assign an identifying number to each school bus registered in accordance with this se...

...harger; (2) The alternator; (3) The water pump; (4) The power steering pump; (5) The air pump; (6) Any part of the steering system; (7) Any part of the suspension; (8) Any part of the air brakes; (9) Any part of the brake equipment, including drums or rotors; (10) The springs and spring mounts; (11) The air bags. (B) The state highway patrol shall still examine all of the equipment listed in div...

...(A) No person shall operate, nor shall any person being the owner thereof or having supervisory responsibility therefor permit the operation of, a school bus within this state unless it is painted national school bus yellow and is marked on both front and rear with the words "school bus" in black lettering not less than eight inches in height and on the rear of the bus with the word "stop" in black lettering not less...

...(A) Every school bus shall, in addition to any other equipment and distinctive markings required pursuant to sections 4511.76, 4511.761, 4511.764, and 4511.77 of the Revised Code, be equipped with signal lamps mounted as high as practicable, which shall display to the front two alternately flashing red lights and two alternately flashing amber lights located at the same level and to the rear two alternately flashing ...

...(A) On and after May 6, 1986, no person, school board, or governmental entity shall purchase, lease, or rent a new school bus unless the school bus has an occupant restraining device, as defined in section 4513.263 of the Revised Code, installed for use in its operator's seat. (B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor.

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Mass transit system" means any county transit system, regional transit authority, regional transit commission, municipally owned transportation system, mass transit company operating exclusively within the territorial limits of a municipal corporation, or within such limits and the territorial limits of municipal corporations immediately contiguous to such municipal corporati...

...(A) No person shall drive a "commercial motor vehicle" as defined in section 4506.01 of the Revised Code, or a "commercial car" or "commercial tractor," as defined in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code, while the person's ability or alertness is so impaired by fatigue, illness, or other causes that it is unsafe for the person to drive such vehicle. No driver shall use any drug which would adversely affect the dri...

...(A) When any child who is in either or both of the following categories is being transported in a motor vehicle, other than a taxicab or public safety vehicle as defined in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code, that is required by the United States department of transportation to be equipped with seat belts at the time of manufacture or assembly, the operator of the motor vehicle shall have the child properly secured ...

...(A) No operator or occupant of a motor vehicle shall, regardless of intent, throw, drop, discard, or deposit litter from any motor vehicle in operation upon any street, road, or highway, except into a litter receptacle in a manner that prevents its being carried away or deposited by the elements. (B) No operator of a motor vehicle in operation upon any street, road, or highway shall allow litter to be thrown, droppe...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Earphones" means any device that covers all or a portion of both ears and that does either of the following: (a) Through either a physical connection to another device or a wireless connection, provides the listener with radio programs, music, or other information; (b) Provides hearing protection. "Earphones" does not include speakers or other listening devices that are built int...

...(A) The operator of a chauffeured limousine shall accept passengers only on the basis of prearranged contracts, as defined in division (LL) of section 4501.01 of the Revised Code, and shall not cruise in search of patronage unless the limousine is in compliance with any statute or ordinance governing the operation of taxicabs or other similar vehicles for hire. (B) The operator of a chauffeured limousine may ...

...As used in this section, "Chautauqua assembly" means a corporation that is organized in this state for the purpose of holding Chautauqua assemblies or encouraging religion art, science, literature, or the general dissemination of knowledge, or two or more of such purposes, and that occupies grounds and holds meetings or entertainments on the grounds for the purposes for which it is organized. Chapters 4511. and 4513...

...The director of transportation may establish speed limits within construction zones that vary based on the type of work being conducted, the time of day, or any other criteria the director may consider appropriate. The director, board of county commissioners, or board of township trustees shall cause signs to be erected advising motorists that increased penalties apply for certain traffic violations occurring o...

...Whoever violates any provision of sections 4511.01 to 4511.76 of the Revised Code for which no penalty otherwise is provided in the section violated is guilty of one of the following: (A) Except as otherwise provided in division (B) or (C) of this section, a minor misdemeanor; (B) If, within one year of the offense, the offender previously has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to one predicate motor vehicle or ...

...(A) As used in this section and each section referenced in division (B) of this section, all of the following apply: (1) "Distracted" means doing either of the following while operating a vehicle: (a) Using an electronic wireless communications device, as defined in section 4511.204 of the Revised Code, in violation of that section; (b) Engaging in any activity that is not necessary to the operation of a veh...

...(A) A law enforcement agency shall compile the information from reports submitted in accordance with division (C)(2) of section 4511.204 and division (C) of section 4511.991 of the Revised Code. Every other month, the agency shall prepare a report that describes the number and race of the offenders who received a ticket, citation, or summons under those sections during the prior two months. Upon completion of the rep...

...As provided in section 4511.01 of the Revised Code, the definitions set forth in that section apply to this chapter.

...(A) No person shall drive or move, or cause or knowingly permit to be driven or moved, on any highway any vehicle or combination of vehicles which is in such unsafe condition as to endanger any person. (B) When directed by any state highway patrol trooper, the operator of any motor vehicle shall stop and submit such motor vehicle to an inspection under division (B)(1) or (2) of this section, as appropriate, a...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Passenger car" means any motor vehicle with motive power, designed for carrying ten persons or less, except a multipurpose passenger vehicle or motorcycle. (2) "Multipurpose passenger vehicle" means a motor vehicle with motive power, except a motorcycle, designed to carry ten persons or less, that is constructed either on a truck chassis or with special features for occasiona...

...(A) As part of the motor vehicle inspection conducted pursuant to section 4513.02 of the Revised Code, the state highway patrol trooper shall request that the owner or operator of the motor vehicle produce proof that the owner maintains or has maintained on the owner's behalf, proof of financial responsibility as required by section 4509.101 of the Revised Code. (B) A state highway patrol trooper shall indicate on e...

...(A) Every vehicle, other than a motorized bicycle, operated upon a street or highway within this state shall display lighted lights and illuminating devices as required by sections 4513.04 to 4513.37 of the Revised Code during all of the following times: (1) The time from sunset to sunrise; (2) At any other time when, due to insufficient natural light or unfavorable atmospheric conditions, ...

...(A) Every motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle, and every trackless trolley shall be equipped with at least two headlights with at least one near each side of the front of the motor vehicle or trackless trolley. Every motorcycle shall be equipped with at least one and not more than two headlights. (B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor.

...(A) Every motor vehicle, trackless trolley, trailer, semitrailer, pole trailer, or vehicle which is being drawn at the end of a train of vehicles shall be equipped with at least one tail light mounted on the rear which, when lighted, shall emit a red light visible from a distance of five hundred feet to the rear, provided that in the case of a train of vehicles only the tail light on the rearmost vehicle need be visi...

...(A) Every new motor vehicle sold after September 6, 1941, and operated on a highway, other than a commercial tractor, to which a trailer or semitrailer is attached shall carry at the rear, either as a part of the tail lamps or separately, two red reflectors meeting the requirements of this section, except that vehicles of the type mentioned in section 4513.07 of the Revised Code shall be equipped with reflectors as r...

...(A) The director of public safety shall prescribe and promulgate regulations relating to clearance lights, marker lights, reflectors, and stop lights on buses, trackless trolleys, trucks, commercial tractors, trailers, semitrailers, and pole trailers, when operated upon any highway, and such vehicles shall be equipped as required by such regulations, and such equipment shall be lighted at all times mentioned in secti...

...(A) Every motor vehicle, trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with two or more stop lights, except that passenger cars manufactured or assembled prior to January 1, 1967, motorcycles, and motor-driven cycles shall be equipped with at least one stop light. Stop lights shall be mounted on the rear of the vehicle, actuated upon application of the service brake, and may be...

...Whenever motor and other vehicles are operated in combination during the time that lights are required, any light, except tail lights, which by reason of its location on a vehicle of the combination would be obscured by another vehicle of the combination need not be lighted, but this section does not affect the requirement that lighted clearance lights be displayed on the front of the foremost vehicle required to hav...

...(A) Whenever the load upon any vehicle extends to the rear four feet or more beyond the bed or body of such vehicle, there shall be displayed at the extreme rear end of the load, at the times specified in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code, a red light or lantern plainly visible from a distance of at least five hundred feet to the sides and rear. The red light or lantern required by this section is in addition to...

...(A) Except in case of an emergency, whenever a vehicle is parked or stopped upon a roadway open to traffic or a shoulder adjacent thereto, whether attended or unattended, during the times mentioned in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code, such vehicle shall be equipped with one or more lights which shall exhibit a white or amber light on the roadway side visible from a distance of five hundred feet to the front of suc...

...As used in sections 4513.11 to 4513.115 of the Revised Code: (A) "Boat trailer" means any vehicle designed and used exclusively to transport a boat between a place of storage and a marina, or in and around a marina, when drawn or towed on a street or highway for a distance of no more than ten miles and at a speed of twenty-five miles per hour or less. (B) "Slow-moving vehicle" and "SMV" mean a boat trailer, unit ...

...(A) At the times specified in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code, no person shall operate either of the following vehicles unless it is equipped with and displays the lamps described in division (B) of this section: (1) A vehicle not specifically required to be equipped with lamps or other lighting devices by sections 4513.03 to 4513.10 of the Revised Code; (2) A vehicle referred to in division (G) of section 45...

...(A) Except as otherwise provided in division (B)(1) of this section, no person shall operate an SMV on a street or highway as follows: (1) At a speed exceeding twenty-five miles per hour; (2) Without displaying the triangular SMV emblem mounted in accordance with division (B) of this section. (B) The SMV emblem shall be mounted so as to be visible from a distance of not less than five hundred feet to the rear. ...

...(A) No person shall sell, lease, rent, or operate on a street or highway any unit of farm machinery that is designed by its manufacturer to operate at a speed greater than twenty-five miles per hour unless the unit displays both of the following: (1) The SMV emblem mounted in accordance with division (B) of section 4513.112 of the Revised Code; (2) A speed identification symbol that does both of the following: ...

...(A) Except as otherwise provided in division (D) of this section, no person shall operate an animal-drawn vehicle on a street or highway unless it is equipped with and displays, at the times specified in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code, both of the following: (1) At least one lamp displaying a white light visible from a distance of not less than one thousand feet to the front of the animal-drawn vehicle; (2) ...

...The offenses established under sections 4513.111 to 4513.115 of the Revised Code are strict liability offenses, and section 2901.20 of the Revised Code does not apply. The designation of these offenses as strict liability offenses shall not be construed to imply that any other offense, for which there is no specified degree of culpability, is not a strict liability offense.

...(A) Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not more than one spotlight and every lighted spotlight shall be so aimed and used upon approaching another vehicle that no part of the high-intensity portion of the beam will be directed to the left of the prolongation of the extreme left side of the vehicle, nor more than one hundred feet ahead of the vehicle. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with not more than three ...

...(A) Any motor vehicle may be equipped with side cowl or fender lights which shall emit a white or amber light without glare. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with lights on each side thereof which shall emit a white or amber light without glare. Any motor vehicle may be equipped with back-up lights, either separately or in combination with another light. No back-up lights shall be continuously lighted when the m...

...(A) At all times mentioned in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code at least two lighted lights shall be displayed, one near each side of the front of every motor vehicle and trackless trolley, except when such vehicle or trackless trolley is parked subject to the regulations governing lights on parked vehicles and trackless trolleys. The director of public safety shall prescribe and promulgate regulations relating t...

...(A) Whenever a motor vehicle is being operated on a roadway or shoulder adjacent thereto during the times specified in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code, the driver shall use a distribution of light, or composite beam, directed high enough and of sufficient intensity to reveal persons, vehicles, and substantial objects at a safe distance in advance of the vehicle, subject to the following requirements; (1) W...

...(A) Any motor vehicle may be operated under the conditions specified in section 4513.03 of the Revised Code when it is equipped with two lighted lights upon the front thereof capable of revealing persons and substantial objects seventy-five feet ahead, in lieu of lights required in section 4513.14 of the Revised Code, provided that such vehicle shall not be operated at a speed in excess of twenty miles per hour. (B...

...(A) Whenever a motor vehicle equipped with headlights also is equipped with any auxiliary lights or spotlight or any other light on the front thereof projecting a beam of an intensity greater than three hundred candle power, not more than a total of five of any such lights on the front of a vehicle shall be lighted at any one time when the vehicle is upon a highway. (B) Any lighted light or illuminating device upo...

...(A) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a motor vehicle operated by a coroner, deputy coroner, or coroner's investigator may be equipped with a flashing, oscillating, or rotating red or blue light and a siren, whistle, or bell capable of emitting sound audible under normal conditions from a distance of not less than five hundred feet. Such a vehicle may display the flashing, oscillating, or rotating red or bl...

...(A) The director of transportation shall adopt standards and specifications applicable to headlights, clearance lights, identification, and other lights, on snow removal equipment when operated on the highways, and on vehicles operating under special permits pursuant to section 4513.34 of the Revised Code, in lieu of the lights otherwise required on motor vehicles. Such standards and specifications may permit t...

...The director of public safety subject to the provisions of sections 119.01 to 119.13 of the Revised Code shall adopt standards and specifications applicable to rural mail delivery vehicles, state highway survey vehicles, and funeral escort vehicles. Such standards and specifications shall permit rural mail delivery vehicles, state highway survey vehicles, and funeral escort vehicles the use of flashing lights.

...(A) No person shall operate any motor vehicle owned, leased, or hired by a nursery school, kindergarten, or child care center, while transporting preschool children to or from such an institution unless the motor vehicle is equipped with and displaying two amber flashing lights mounted on a bar attached to the top of the vehicle, and a sign bearing the designation "caution--children," which shall be attached to the b...

...(A) No person shall use any lights mentioned in sections 4513.03 to 4513.18 of the Revised Code upon any motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer unless said lights are equipped, mounted, and adjusted as to focus and aim in accordance with regulations which are prescribed by the director of public safety. (B) The headlights on any motor vehicle shall comply with the headlamp color requirements contained in feder...

...on or after January 1, 2001. (5) Every watercraft trailer with a gross weight or manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of three thousand pounds or more that is manufactured or assembled on or after January 1, 2008, shall have separate brakes equipped with hydraulic surge or electrically operated brakes on two wheels. (6) In any combination of motor-drawn trailers or semitrailers equipped with brakes, means sha...

...(A) No hydraulic brake fluid for use in motor vehicles shall be sold in this state if the brake fluid is below the minimum standard of specifications for heavy duty type brake fluid established by the society of automotive engineers and the standard of specifications established by 49 C.F.R. 571.116, as amended. (B) All manufacturers, packers, or distributors of brake fluid selling such fluid in this state shall sta...

...(A) No brake lining, brake lining material, or brake lining assemblies for use as repair and replacement parts in motor vehicles shall be sold in this state if these items do not meet or exceed the minimum standard of specifications established by the society of automotive engineers and the standard of specifications established in 49 C.F.R. 571.105, as amended, and 49 C.F.R. 571.135, as amended. (B) All manufacture...

...(A) Every motor vehicle or trackless trolley when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with a horn which is in good working order and capable of emitting sound audible, under normal conditions, from a distance of not less than two hundred feet. No motor vehicle or trackless trolley shall be equipped with, nor shall any person use upon a vehicle, any siren, whistle, or bell. Any vehicle may be equipped with a t...

...(A) Every motor vehicle and motorcycle with an internal combustion engine shall at all times be equipped with a muffler which is in good working order and in constant operation to prevent excessive or unusual noise, and no person shall use a muffler cutout, by-pass, or similar device upon a motor vehicle on a highway. Every motorcycle muffler shall be equipped with baffle plates. No person shall own, operate, or ha...

...(A) The board of county commissioners of any county, and the board of township trustees of any township subject to section 505.17 of the Revised Code, may regulate passenger car and motorcycle noise on streets and highways under their jurisdiction. Such regulations shall include maximum permissible noise limits measured in decibels, subject to the requirements of this section. (B) Regulations establishing maximum pe...

...(A) Every motor vehicle, motorcycle, and trackless trolley shall be equipped with a mirror so located as to reflect to the operator a view of the highway to the rear of such vehicle, motorcycle, or trackless trolley. Operators of vehicles, motorcycles, streetcars, and trackless trolleys shall have a clear and unobstructed view to the front and to both sides of their vehicles, motorcycles, streetcars, or trackless tr...

...(A) No person shall drive any motor vehicle on a street or highway in this state, other than a motorcycle or motorized bicycle, that is not equipped with a windshield. (B)(1) No person shall drive any motor vehicle, other than a bus, with any sign, poster, or other nontransparent material upon the front windshield, sidewings, side, or rear windows of such vehicle other than a certificate or other paper required to...

...(A) The director of public safety, in accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, shall adopt rules governing the use of tinted glass, and the use of transparent, nontransparent, translucent, and reflectorized materials in or on motor vehicle windshields, side windows, sidewings, and rear windows that prevent a person of normal vision looking into the motor vehicle from seeing or identifying persons or objects ...

...(A) Notwithstanding section 4513.24 and division (F) of section 4513.241 of the Revised Code or any rule adopted thereunder, a decal, whether reflectorized or not, may be displayed upon any side window or sidewing of a motor vehicle if all of the following are met: (1) The decal is necessary for public or private security arrangements to which the motor vehicle periodically is subjected; (2) The decal is no larger...

...(A) Every solid tire, as defined in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code, on a vehicle shall have rubber or other resilient material on its entire traction surface at least one inch thick above the edge of the flange of the entire periphery. (B) Whoever violates this section shall be punished as provided in section 4513.99 of the Revised Code.

...(A) No person shall sell any new motor vehicle nor shall any new motor vehicle be registered, and no person shall operate any motor vehicle, which is registered in this state and which has been manufactured or assembled on or after January 1, 1936, unless the motor vehicle is equipped with safety glass wherever glass is used in the windshields, doors, partitions, rear windows, and windows on each side immediately adj...

...(A)(1) No person shall operate any motor vehicle manufactured or assembled on or after January 1, 1954, unless the vehicle is equipped with electrical or mechanical directional signals. (2) No person shall operate any motorcycle or motor-driven cycle manufactured or assembled on or after January 1, 1968, unless the vehicle is equipped with electrical or mechanical directional signals. (B) "Directional signals" mean...

...(A) As used in this section and in section 4513.263 of the Revised Code, the component parts of a "seat safety belt" include a belt, anchor attachment assembly, and a buckle or closing device. (B) No person shall sell, lease, rent, or operate any passenger car, as defined in division (E) of section 4501.01 of the Revised Code, that is registered or to be registered in this state and that is manufactured or assembled...

...(A) As used in this section and in section 4513.99 of the Revised Code: (1) "Automobile" means any commercial tractor, passenger car, commercial car, or truck that is required to be factory-equipped with an occupant restraining device for the operator or any passenger by regulations adopted by the United States secretary of transportation pursuant to the "National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966," 80 S...

...(A) No person shall operate any motor truck, trackless trolley, bus, or commercial tractor upon any highway outside the corporate limits of municipalities at any time from sunset to sunrise unless there is carried in such vehicle and trackless trolley, except as provided in division (B) of this section, the following equipment which shall be of the types approved by the director of transportation: (1) At least three...

...(A) Whenever any motor truck, trackless trolley, bus, commercial tractor, trailer, semi-trailer, or pole trailer is disabled upon the traveled portion of any highway or the shoulder thereof outside of any municipality, or upon any freeway, expressway, thruway and connecting, entering or exiting ramps within a municipality, at any time when lighted lamps are required on vehicles and trackless trolleys, the operator of...

...(A) Any person operating any vehicle transporting explosives upon a highway shall at all times comply with the following requirements: (1) Said vehicle shall be marked or placarded on each side and on the rear with the word "explosives" in letters not less than eight inches high, or there shall be displayed on the rear of such vehicle a red flag not less than twenty-four inches square marked with the word "danger" i...

...(A) No passenger-type vehicle shall be operated on a highway with any load carried on such vehicle which extends more than six inches beyond the line of the fenders on the vehicle's left side. (B) Whoever violates this section shall be punished as provided in section 4513.99 of the Revised Code.

...or the purpose of securing traction, or water or other substance may be sprinkled on a roadway in cleaning or maintaining the roadway. (B) Except for a farm vehicle used to transport agricultural produce or agricultural production materials or a rubbish vehicle in the process of acquiring its load, no vehicle loaded with garbage, swill, cans, bottles, waste paper, ashes, refuse, trash, rubbish, waste, wire, paper, c...

...(A) When one vehicle is towing another vehicle, the drawbar or other connection shall be of sufficient strength to pull all the weight towed thereby, and the drawbar or other connection shall not exceed fifteen feet from one vehicle to the other, except the connection between any two vehicles transporting poles, pipe, machinery, or other objects of structural nature which cannot readily be dismembered. When one vehi...

...Any police officer having reason to believe that the weight of a vehicle and its load is unlawful may require the driver of said vehicle to stop and submit to a weighing of it by means of a compact, self-contained, portable, sealed scale specially adapted to determining the wheel loads of vehicles on highways; a sealed scale permanently installed in a fixed location, having a load-receiving element specially adapted ...

...(A)(1) The director of transportation with respect to all highways that are a part of the state highway system and local authorities with respect to highways under their jurisdiction, upon application in writing, shall issue a special regional heavy hauling permit authorizing the applicant to operate or move a vehicle or combination of vehicles as follows: (a) At a size or weight of vehicle or load exceeding the ma...

...(A) All fines collected under sections 4511.01 to 4511.78, 4511.99, and 4513.01 to 4513.37 of the Revised Code shall be paid into the county treasury and, with the exception of that portion distributed under section 307.515 of the Revised Code, shall be placed to the credit of the fund for the maintenance and repair of the highways within that county, except that: (1) All fines for violations of division (B) of sec...

...(A) No person shall resist, hinder, obstruct, or abuse any sheriff, constable, or other official while that official is attempting to arrest offenders under any provision of sections 4511.01 to 4511.78, 4511.99, and 4513.01 to 4513.37 of the Revised Code. No person shall interfere with any person charged under any provision of any of those sections with the enforcement of the law relative to public highways. (B) ...

...(A) No person shall knowingly present, display, or orally communicate a false name, social security number, or date of birth to a law enforcement officer who is in the process of issuing to the person a traffic ticket or complaint. (B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree.

...Every county court judge, mayor, and clerk of a court of record shall keep a full record of every case in which a person is charged with any violation of sections 4511.01 to 4511.78, section 4511.99, and sections 4513.01 to 4513.37 of the Revised Code, or of any other law or ordinance regulating the operation of vehicles, streetcars, and trackless trolleys on highways. Within seven days after the conviction ...

...No person shall be prohibited from owning or operating a licensed collector's vehicle or historical motor vehicle that is equipped with a feature of design, type of material, or article of equipment that was not in violation of any motor vehicle equipment law of this state or of its political subdivisions in effect during the calendar year the vehicle was manufactured, and no licensed collector's vehicle or historica...

...(A) The state highway patrol and sheriffs or their deputies shall exercise, to the exclusion of all other peace officers, except within municipal corporations and except as specified in divisions (B) and (C) of this section and division (E) of section 2935.03 of the Revised Code, the power to make arrests for violations on all state highways, of sections 4503.11, 4503.21, 4511.14 to 4511.16, 4511.20 to 4511.23, 4511....

...When a safety device has been installed in the traveled portion of a street at a railroad grade crossing for the protection of the traveling public, the municipal corporation shall place a warning sign not less than two hundred feet from the crossing. The driver of any vehicle shall place his vehicle under control at the location of said warning signs so as to be able to bring said vehicle to a complete stop at said...

...(A) No owner of a licensed collector's vehicle, a historical motor vehicle, or a collector's vehicle that is an agricultural tractor or traction engine shall be required to comply with an emission, noise control, or fuel usage provision contained in a law or rule of this state or its political subdivisions that was enacted or adopted subsequent to the calendar year in which the vehicle was manufactured. (B) No perso...

...As used in sections 4513.50 to 4513.53 of the Revised Code: (A)(1) "Bus" means any vehicle used for the transportation of passengers that meets at least one of the following: (a) Was originally designed by the manufacturer to transport more than fifteen passengers, including the driver; (b) Either the gross vehicle weight rating or the gross vehicle weight exceeds ten thousand pounds. (2) "Bus" does not incl...

...(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, on and after July 1, 2001, no person shall operate a bus, nor shall any person being the owner of a bus or having supervisory responsibility for a bus permit the operation of any bus, unless the bus displays a valid, current safety inspection decal issued by the state highway patrol under section 4513.52 of the Revised Code. (B) For the purpose of complying wit...

...(A) The department of public safety, with the advice of the public utilities commission, shall adopt and enforce rules relating to the inspection of buses to determine whether a bus is safe and lawful, including whether its equipment is in proper adjustment or repair. (B) The rules shall determine the safety features, items of equipment, and other safety-related conditions subject to inspection. The rules may author...

...(A) The superintendent of the state highway patrol, with approval of the director of public safety, may appoint and maintain necessary staff to carry out the inspection of buses. (B) The superintendent of the state highway patrol shall adopt a distinctive annual safety inspection decal bearing the date of inspection. The state highway patrol may remove any decal from a bus that fails any inspection. (C) Bus inspect...

...(A)(1) The sheriff of a county or chief of a law enforcement agency of a municipal corporation, township, port authority, conservancy district, or township or joint police district, within the sheriff's or chief's respective territorial jurisdiction, upon complaint of any person adversely affected, may order into storage any motor vehicle, other than an abandoned junk motor vehicle as defined in section 4513.63 of th...

...(A) The owner of a private property may establish a private tow-away zone, but may do so only if all of the following conditions are satisfied: (1) The owner of the private property posts on the property a sign, that is at least eighteen inches by twenty-four inches in size, that is visible from all entrances to the property, and that includes all of the following information: (a) A statement that the property ...

...(A) As used in this section and section 4513.603 of the Revised Code: (1) "Motor vehicle dealer" has the same meaning as in section 4517.01 of the Revised Code. (2) "Repair facility" means any business with which a person has entered into an agreement to repair a vehicle. (3) "Towing service" means any for-hire motor carrier that removes a motor vehicle from a motor vehicle dealer or repair facility. (4) ...

...(A) A towing service or storage facility that is in possession of a motor vehicle obtained under section 4513.602 of the Revised Code may obtain a certificate of title to the motor vehicle, regardless of the motor vehicle's value, as provided in division (B) of this section if all of the following apply: (1) A search was made by the towing service or storage facility of the records of an applicable entity listed i...

...(A) The sheriff of a county or chief of a law enforcement agency of a municipal corporation, township, port authority, conservancy district, university campus police department, park district police force, or township or joint police district, within the sheriff's or chief's respective territorial jurisdiction, or a state highway patrol trooper, natural resources officer, or wildlife officer, upon notification to the...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Minor violation" means any of the following: (a) Failure to deliver a vehicle to the designated location within two hours after removal, unless the towing service was unable to deliver the motor vehicle within two hours due to an uncontrollable force, natural disaster, or other event that was not within the power of the towing service, as required under division (A)(2) of section...

...(A)(1) No towing service shall knowingly offer or provide monetary compensation in exchange for the authorization to tow motor vehicles from a specified location or on behalf of the person to whom the towing service offered or provided the compensation. (2) Division (A)(1) of this section does not prohibit a towing service from negotiating or reducing towing and storage fees. (B) Whoever violates division (A) o...

...An unclaimed motor vehicle ordered into storage pursuant to division (A)(1) of section 4513.60 or section 4513.61 of the Revised Code is subject to one of the following: (A) The sheriff of the county or the chief of a law enforcement agency of the municipal corporation, township, port authority, conservancy district, university campus police department, park district police force, or township or joint police distr...

...As used in this section, "abandoned junk motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle meeting all of the following requirements: (1) Left on private property for forty-eight hours or longer without the permission of the person having the right to the possession of the property, on a public street or other property open to the public for purposes of vehicular travel or parking, or upon or within the right-of-way of any ro...

...(A) No person shall willfully leave an abandoned junk motor vehicle as defined in section 4513.63 of the Revised Code on private property for more than seventy-two hours without the permission of the person having the right to the possession of the property, or on a public street or other property open to the public for purposes of vehicular travel or parking, or upon or within the right-of-way of any road or highway...

...(A) For purposes of this section, "junk motor vehicle" means any motor vehicle meeting the requirements of divisions (A)(2), (3), (4), and (5) of section 4513.63 of the Revised Code that is left uncovered in the open on private property for more than seventy-two hours with the permission of the person having the right to the possession of the property, except if the person is operating a junk yard or scrap metal proc...

...(A) If a motor vehicle accident occurs on any highway, public street, or other property open to the public for purposes of vehicular travel and if any motor vehicle, cargo, or personal property that has been damaged or spilled as a result of the motor vehicle accident is blocking the highway, street, or other property or is otherwise endangering public safety, a public safety official may do either of the following w...

...(A) As used in this section, "towing service" means any for-hire motor carrier that is engaged on an intrastate basis anywhere in this state in the business of towing a motor vehicle over any public highway in this state. (B) No towing service shall permit the operation of a towing vehicle on behalf of the towing service, unless both of the following apply: (1) The towing service holds a valid certificate of public...

...(A) If a towing service is removing a motor vehicle, and the removal was not authorized under section 4513.60, 4513.601, 4513.61, or 4513.66 of the Revised Code, prior to removing the motor vehicle, the towing service shall provide a written estimate of the price for the removal to the operator of the motor vehicle, if requested. (B) The towing service shall ensure that any estimate provided under division (A) of t...

...(A) A storage facility shall ensure that the facility remains open during both of the following periods of time to allow a vehicle owner or lienholder to retrieve a vehicle in the possession of the storage facility: (1) Any time during which a towing service is towing a vehicle pursuant to section 4513.601 of the Revised Code and the vehicle will be held by the storage facility; (2) Between nine o'clock in the mo...

...(A)(1) An insurance company may commence a civil action against a towing service or storage facility on its own behalf, on behalf of the holder of a policy of automobile insurance, or on behalf of a motor vehicle owner for either or both of the following reasons: (a) The recovery of a motor vehicle that has been towed or stored and for which a claim has been filed with the insurance company; (b) Objecting to the am...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Towing service" and "storage facility" have the same meanings as in section 4513.70 of the Revised Code. (2) "Motor vehicle owner" means any person that holds a certificate of title to or is a lessee of a towed commercial motor vehicle. "Motor vehicle owner" does not include a lienholder or leasing company. (B)(1) A motor vehicle owner may commence a civil action against a towi...

...(A) Any violation of section 4513.10, 4513.182, 4513.20, 4513.201, 4513.202, 4513.25, 4513.26, 4513.27, 4513.29, 4513.30, 4513.31, 4513.32, or 4513.34 of the Revised Code shall be punished under division (B) of this section. (B) Whoever violates the sections of this chapter that are specifically required to be punished under this division, or any provision of sections 4513.03 to 4513.262 or 4513.27 to 4513.37 ...

...Actions for injury to a person or property, caused by the negligence of the owner or operator of a motor vehicle, may be brought by the person injured against such owner or operator in the county in which such injury occurred. A summons in such action against any defendant shall be issued to the sheriff of any county within this state in which such defendant resides and may be served as in other civil actions.

...The owner, operator, or person responsible for the operation of a motor vehicle shall not be liable for loss or damage arising from injuries to or death of a guest, resulting from the operation of said motor vehicle, while such guest is being transported without payment therefor in or upon said motor vehicle, unless such injuries or death are caused by the willful or wanton misconduct of such operator, owner, or pers...

...As used in this chapter: (A) "Car sharing period" means the period of time that commences with the car sharing delivery period or, if there is no car sharing delivery period, with the car sharing start time, in accordance with the peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement, and ends with the car sharing termination time. (B) "Car sharing delivery period" means the period of time in which a shared vehicle is bei...

...(A) A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall collect the following information before entering into a peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement including, but not limited to: (1) The name and address of the shared vehicle owner and the shared vehicle driver; (2) The driver's license number and state of issuance of the shared vehicle driver and any other person who will operate the shared vehicle during the car...

...A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall disclose all of the following to the shared vehicle owner and the shared vehicle driver in the peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement: (A) Any right of the program to seek indemnification from the shared vehicle owner or the shared vehicle driver for economic loss sustained by the program resulting from a breach of the terms and conditions of the agreement; (B) That an...

...A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall have sole responsibility for any equipment, including a global positioning system or other special equipment that is installed in or on the shared vehicle to monitor or facilitate peer-to-peer car sharing. The program shall agree to indemnify and hold harmless the shared vehicle owner for any damage or theft of the system or equipment during the car sharing period that is not ...

...(A) When a motor vehicle owner registers as a shared vehicle owner with a peer-to-peer car sharing program and before the shared vehicle owner makes the shared vehicle available for peer-to-peer car sharing, the program shall do all of the following: (1) Verify that the shared vehicle does not have any outstanding safety recalls on the vehicle; (2) Provide notice to the shared vehicle owner of the owner's respo...

...Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to exempt any person involved in peer-to-peer car sharing from the provisions of sections 1345.01 to 1345.13 of the Revised Code.

...(A) As used in this section, "public-use airport" has the same meaning as in section 4563.30 of the Revised Code. (B) The operator of a public-use airport may adopt reasonable standards, regulations, procedures, and fees that are applicable to peer-to-peer car sharing programs. The operator may enter into such agreements, including concession agreements, with a peer-to-peer car sharing program. A peer-to-peer car s...

...(A) It is not the intent of the general assembly that any provision in Chapter 4516. of the Revised Code be interpreted as either limiting or restricting an insurer's ability to exclude insurance coverage from any insurance policy or an insurer's ability to underwrite any insurance policy. (B) An insurer's ability to exclude or limit coverage and to otherwise underwrite a policy of insurance includes, but is not l...

...(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, a peer-to-peer car sharing program shall assume liability of a shared vehicle owner for any death, bodily injury, or property damage to a third party or an uninsured or underinsured motorist that is proximately caused by the operation of the shared vehicle during the car sharing period in an amount stated in the peer-to-peer car sharing program agreement. The am...

...(A)(1) A peer-to-peer car sharing program shall ensure that, during each car sharing period, the shared vehicle owner and the shared vehicle driver are each covered by a motor-vehicle liability policy or other proof of financial responsibility. Each policy or proof shall provide coverage in an amount that is not less than the amounts specified in section 4509.51 of the Revised Code. The policy or proof shall do eithe...

...(A) In addition to any liability assumed when a peer-to-peer car sharing program is providing all of the required coverage, the program shall assume liability for a claim when all of the following apply: (1) The program is providing at least part of the required insurance coverage; (2) A dispute exists as to who was operating the shared vehicle at the time of the loss; (3) The program either does not have avail...

...A peer-to-peer car sharing program and a shared vehicle owner shall be exempt from vicarious liability in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 30106 and under any state law or municipal ordinance that imposes liability solely based on vehicle ownership.

...Nothing in this chapter does any of the following: (A) Limits the liability of the peer-to-peer car sharing program for any act or omission of the program itself that results in death, bodily injury, or property damage to any person as a result of the use of a shared vehicle through the program. (B) Limits the ability of the program to, by contract, seek indemnification from the shared vehicle owner or the shared...

...As used in sections 4517.01 to 4517.65 of the Revised Code: (A) "Persons" includes individuals, partnerships, associations, joint stock companies, corporations, sole proprietorships, limited liability companies, limited liability partnerships, business trusts, and any other legally recognized business entities or any combinations of individuals. (B) "Motor vehicle" means motor vehicle as defined in section 4501...

...(A) The distribution and sale of motor vehicles in this state vitally affects commerce, the economy, and the public interest, welfare, and safety. In order to promote the interests of this state, Chapter 4517. of the Revised Code shall be liberally construed in order to ensure a sound system for distributing and selling motor vehicles through all of the following: (1) Enforcing the comprehensive and uniform framewo...

...(A) Except as otherwise provided in this section, no person shall do any of the following: (1) Engage in the business of displaying or selling at retail new motor vehicles or assume to engage in that business, unless the person is licensed as a new motor vehicle dealer under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code, or is a salesperson employed by a licensed new motor vehicle dealer; (2) Engage in the bus...

...(A) Sections 4517.01, 4517.02, and 4517.03 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code do not apply to a person auctioning classic motor vehicles, provided all of the following apply: (1) The person is responsible for not more than four auctions of classic motor vehicles per year, with no auction lasting more than two days; (2) The person requests and receives permission for the auction from the registrar of motor vehicle...

...arm machinery, outdoor power equipment, watercraft and related products, or products manufactured or distributed by a motor vehicle manufacturer with which the motor vehicle dealer has a franchise agreement are sold or displayed there, or if repair, accessory, gasoline and oil, storage, parts, service, or paint departments are maintained there, or such products or services are provided there, if the departments are o...

...Each person applying for a new motor vehicle dealer's license shall biennially make out and deliver to the registrar of motor vehicles, before the first day of April, and upon a blank to be furnished by the registrar for that purpose, a separate application for license for each county in which the business of selling new motor vehicles is to be conducted. The application shall be in the form prescribed by the registr...

...(A) Each person applying for an adaptive mobility dealer's license shall biennially complete and deliver to the registrar of motor vehicles, before the first day of April, a separate license application for each county in which the business of dealing in adaptive mobility vehicles is to be conducted. The registrar shall prescribe the form of the application, which shall include all of the following: (1) The name of...

...(A) Each person applying for a used motor vehicle dealer's license shall biennially, before the first day of April, make out and deliver to the registrar of motor vehicles, upon a blank to be furnished by the registrar for that purpose, a separate application for license for each county in which such business is to be conducted. The application shall be in the form prescribed by the registrar, shall be signed and swo...

...Each person applying for a motor vehicle leasing dealer's license shall biennially, before the first day of April, make out and deliver to the registrar of motor vehicles, upon a blank to be furnished by the registrar for that purpose, a separate application for license for each county in which the business of leasing motor vehicles, as described in division (M) of section 4517.01 of the Revised Code, is to be conduc...

...Each person applying for a motor vehicle auction owner's license shall biennially, before the first day of April, make out and deliver to the registrar of motor vehicles, upon a blank to be furnished by the registrar for that purpose, a separate application for license for each county in which such business is to be conducted. The application shall be in the form prescribed by the registrar, shall be signed and sworn...

...Each person applying for a distributor's license shall biennially, before the first day of April, make out and deliver to the registrar of motor vehicles, upon a blank to be furnished by the registrar for that purpose, a separate application for license for each place of business maintained. The application shall be in the form prescribed by the registrar, shall be signed and sworn to by the applicant, and, in additi...

...At the time the registrar of motor vehicles grants the application of any person for a license as motor vehicle dealer, motor vehicle leasing dealer, distributor, or motor vehicle auction owner, the registrar shall issue to the person a license. The registrar shall prescribe different forms for the licenses of motor vehicle dealers, motor vehicle leasing dealers, distributors, and motor vehicle auction owners, and al...

...All license fees required by section 4517.10 of the Revised Code shall be paid to the registrar of motor vehicles, who shall pay the same into the state treasury to the credit of the public safety - highway purposes fund established by section 4501.06 of the Revised Code.

...(A) The registrar of motor vehicles shall deny the application of any person for a license as a motor vehicle dealer, motor vehicle leasing dealer, or motor vehicle auction owner and refuse to issue the license if the registrar finds that the applicant: (1) Has made any false statement of a material fact in the application; (2) Has not complied with sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code; (3) Is of bad...

...The registrar of motor vehicles shall deny the application of any person for a license as a distributor and refuse to issue the license if the registrar finds that the applicant: (A) Has made any false statement of a material fact in the application; (B) Has not complied with sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code; (C) Is of bad business repute or has habitually defaulted on financial obligations; (D...

...No person shall act as salesperson for more than one licensed motor vehicle dealer at the same time, except that a salesperson may act as a salesperson at any licensed dealership owned or operated by the same company, regardless of the county in which the dealership's facility is located.

...Any person who has been denied a license under section 4517.12 or 4517.13 of the Revised Code may appeal from the action of the registrar of motor vehicles to the motor vehicle dealers board in the manner provided in section 4517.33 of the Revised Code.

...A person is eligible for a construction equipment auction license under section 4517.17 of the Revised Code if the person meets all of the following requirements: (A) Maintains a permanent auction site within this state that is at least ninety acres in size and maintains over sixty thousand square feet of total facility space; (B) Is engaged primarily in the business of selling large construction and transpor...

...(A) Each person applying for a construction equipment auction license shall make out and deliver an application to the registrar of motor vehicles, upon a form furnished by the registrar for that purpose. The application shall be signed and sworn to by the applicant and shall include such information as the registrar may require by rule. (B) The registrar shall issue a construction equipment auction license to any a...

...(A) The registrar of motor vehicles shall, except as provided in division (B) of this section, deny the application of any person for a construction equipment auction license or may revoke a license previously issued if the registrar finds that the person: (1) Is not eligible for the license pursuant to section 4517.16 of the Revised Code; (2) Has made any false statement of a material fact in the application; ...

...(A) A construction equipment auction licensee may sell at auction large construction or transportation equipment and shall do all of the following: (1) Have title present for all vehicles to be sold by auction; (2) Except as provided in division (B) of this section, sell, at auction, only vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than ten thousand pounds; (3) File with the bureau of motor vehicles ...

...(A) No motor vehicle wholesaler shall: (1) Sell, offer for sale, or display for sale at wholesale a motor vehicle, when the motor vehicle wholesaler has reasonable cause to believe that the odometer of the motor vehicle has been changed, tampered with, or disconnected to reflect a lesser mileage or use, unless the motor vehicle wholesaler first gives clear and unequivocal notice of the odometer's altered condition; ...

...(A) No motor vehicle dealer licensed under Chapter 4517. of the Revised Code shall do any of the following: (1) Directly or indirectly, solicit the sale of a motor vehicle through a pecuniarily interested person other than a salesperson in the employ of the licensed dealer; (2) Pay any commission or compensation in any form to any person in connection with the sale of a motor vehicle unless the person is a salesp...

...(A) No motor vehicle auction owner licensed under Chapter 4517. of the Revised Code shall: (1) Engage in the sale of motor vehicles at retail from the same licensed location; (2) Knowingly permit the auctioning of a motor vehicle if the motor vehicle auction owner has reasonable cause to believe it is not being offered for sale by the legal owner of the motor vehicle; (3) Knowingly permit the sale of a motor...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "General market area" means the contiguous geographical area established by a motor vehicle show sponsor that is based upon the size of the show and that does not unreasonably exclude any licensed new motor vehicle dealer. (2) "Gross vehicle weight rating" means the maximum weight while loaded at which a motor vehicle can safely operate as rated by its manufacturer. (3) "Livesto...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Charitable or civic purpose" means either of the following: (a) A purpose described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code; (b) A benevolent, philanthropic, patriotic, educational, humane, scientific, public health, environmental conservation, or civic objective, or any objective that benefits law enforcement personnel, firefighters, or other persons who protect the pub...

...(A) Any licensed motor vehicle dealer, motor vehicle leasing dealer, or distributor shall notify the registrar of motor vehicles concerning any change in status as a dealer, motor vehicle leasing dealer, or distributor during the period for which the dealer, or distributor is licensed, if the change of status concerns any of the following: (1) Personnel of owners, partners, officers, or directors; (2) Locatio...

...(A) No two motor vehicle dealers shall engage in business at the same location, unless they agree to be jointly, severally, and personally liable for any liability arising from their engaging in business at the same location. The agreement shall be filed with the motor vehicle dealers board, and shall also be made a part of the articles of incorporation of each such dealer filed with the secretary of state. Whe...

...(A) Every dealer shall maintain a mileage disclosure statement from the previous owner of each motor vehicle the dealer sells, purchases, or receives as a trade on another motor vehicle. The mileage disclosure statement shall be in such form and include such information as the motor vehicle dealers board requires by rule. (B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.

...(A) Every retail and wholesale sale of a motor vehicle shall be preceded by a written instrument or contract that shall contain all of the agreements of the parties and shall be signed by the buyer and the seller. The seller, upon execution of the agreement or contract and before the delivery of the motor vehicle, shall deliver to the buyer a copy of the agreement or contract that shall clearly describe the motor veh...

...(A) For the purposes of this section, "consumer price index" means the index, as prepared by the United States bureau of labor statistics (U.S. city average for urban wage earners and clerical workers: all items) or, if that index is no longer published, a generally available comparable index as determined by the registrar of motor vehicles. (B) A motor vehicle dealer may contract for and receive a documentary serv...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Motor vehicle dealer" includes any owner, partner, shareholder, officer, member, trustee, employee, or agent of the motor vehicle dealership. (2) "Third-party motor vehicle history report" means any formal or informal report prepared by a person other than a motor vehicle dealer that relates to one or more of the following: (a) A motor vehicle's current ownership or a motor veh...

...The motor vehicle dealers board shall consist of eleven members. The registrar of motor vehicles or the registrar's designee shall be a member of the board, and the other ten members shall be appointed by the governor with the advice and consent of the senate. Not more than five of the ten members other than the registrar shall be of any one political party, and of the ten: (A) Three shall represent the publi...

...The motor vehicle dealers board shall be a part of the department of public safety for administrative purposes in the following respects: (A) The registrar of motor vehicles shall be ex officio secretary and executive officer of the board, but he may designate any employee of the bureau of motor vehicles as acting secretary to perform the duties and exercise the powers of the secretary of the board. (B) All clerica...

...Subject to sections 119.01 to 119.12 and section 4517.35 of the Revised Code, the motor vehicle dealers board may make such reasonable rules as are necessary to carry out and effect its duties under this chapter, including such rules as are necessary relating to the time, place, and manner of conducting hearings on the issuance, suspension, or revocation of licenses, and on protests filed under sections 4517.50, 4517...

...The motor vehicle dealers board shall hear appeals which may be taken from an order of the registrar of motor vehicles, refusing to issue a license. All appeals from any order of the registrar refusing to issue any license upon proper application must be taken within thirty days from the date of the order, or the order is final and conclusive. All appeals from orders of the registrar must be by petition in writing an...

...The attorney general and the prosecuting attorneys of the several counties shall assist the registrar of motor vehicles upon his request, and shall assist the motor vehicle dealers board, upon its request, in enforcing sections 4517.01 to 4517.65 of the Revised Code, and in prosecuting and defending preceedings under such sections.

...(A) Members of the motor vehicle dealers board may hold and attend meetings and may conduct and attend hearings by means of teleconference, video conference, or any other similar electronic technology, and all of the following apply: (1) Any decision, resolution, rule, or formal action of any kind has the same effect as if it occurred during an open meeting or hearing of the board in which members are present in p...

...(A) No person who is engaged in or about to engage in the business of selling motor vehicles at retail shall enter into any contract, agreement, or understanding, express or implied, with any manufacturer or distributor of motor vehicles, that the person will sell only to a designated person or class of persons all or any part of the retail installment contracts arising out of the sale by the person of motor vehicl...

...(A) No manufacturer or distributor of motor vehicles, or the officer, agent, or representative of such manufacturer or distributor, shall induce or coerce, or attempt to induce or coerce, any retail motor vehicle dealer or prospective retail motor vehicle dealer to sell or refuse to sell all or any portion of the dealer's or prospective dealer's retail installment contracts to any person or class of persons designat...

...(A) No person engaged in the business of buying retail installment contracts from motor vehicle dealers in this state, and no officer, agent, or representative of such person, shall purchase or attempt to purchase any such retail installment contract from any motor vehicle dealer in this state in the following circumstances: (1) When the dealer in consequence of any contract, agreement, or arrangement between such p...

...(A) The applications for licenses and the copies of contracts required by sections 4517.04, 4517.05, 4517.051, 4517.06, 4517.07, and 4517.08 of the Revised Code are not part of the public records but are confidential information for the use of the registrar of motor vehicles and the motor vehicle dealers board. No person shall divulge any information contained in such applications and acquired by the person in the pe...

...(A) No manufacturer or distributor of motor vehicles, dealer in motor vehicles, nor any owner, proprietor, person in control, or keeper of any garage, stable, shop, or other place of business, shall fail to keep or cause to be kept any record required by law. (B) Whoever violates this section is guilty of a minor misdemeanor.

...(A) No dealer licensed to sell motor vehicles at retail in this state under Chapter 4517. of the Revised Code shall attach to any motor vehicle offered for sale by the dealer any tag or placard bearing the dealer's name, or the name of the dealer's place of business, whenever the method of attachment involves drilling or otherwise creating holes in any part of the body or trim of the vehicle, unless the purchaser ...

...Nothing in sections 4517.50 to 4517.65 of the Revised Code shall be construed to apply to manufacturers or dealers of manufactured homes as defined in and manufactured pursuant to the "National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974," 94 Stat. 1641, 42 U.S.C.A. 5401, as amended.

...(A) Except as provided in division (C) of this section, when a franchisor seeks to enter into a franchise to establish an additional new motor vehicle dealer in, or relocate an existing new motor vehicle dealer at a location in, a relevant market area where the same line-make of motor vehicle is then represented, the franchisor shall first give notice in writing, by certified mail, to the motor vehicle dealers board ...

...In determining whether good cause has been established by the franchisor to establish an additional new motor vehicle dealer or to relocate an existing new motor vehicle dealer as provided in section 4517.50 of the Revised Code, the motor vehicle dealers board shall take into consideration the existing circumstances, including, but not limited to, all of the following: (A) The effect of an additional or relocated de...

...(A) Each franchisor shall fulfill warranty and recall obligations of repairing and servicing motor vehicles, including all parts and components manufactured for installation in any motor vehicle. (B) Each franchisor shall compensate each of its franchisees for labor and parts used to fulfill warranty and recall obligations of repair and servicing at rates not less than the rates charged by the franchisee to its reta...

...(A) Each franchisor shall specify to its franchisees in writing the delivery and preparation obligations of the franchisees prior to the delivery of new motor vehicles to retail buyers. A copy of the delivery and preparation obligations, which shall constitute the franchisee's only responsibility for product liability between the franchisee and the franchisor, and a schedule of compensation to be paid franchisees for...

...(A) Notwithstanding the terms, provisions, or conditions of an existing franchise, no franchisor shall terminate, cancel, or fail to continue or renew a franchise except for good cause. This section governs any action or intent to terminate, cancel, discontinue, or not renew a franchise whether the franchise was entered into prior to or after the effective date of this amendment. (B) Except as otherwise provi...

...(A) Each franchisor proposing to terminate, cancel, discontinue, or not renew a franchise based upon any of the following shall send written notice by certified mail of the proposed action to the franchisee at such time as may be necessary to ensure that the notice is received not later than twelve months before the effective date of the proposed action, unless prohibited by law or regulation: (1) As a result...

...(A) Except as provided in division (A)(6)(c) of this section, upon the termination, cancellation, discontinuance, or nonrenewal of any franchise by the franchisor pursuant to section 4517.541 of the Revised Code, the manufacturer shall pay fair and reasonable compensation to the new motor vehicle dealer for at least the following: (1)(a) The franchisee's net acquisition cost for any new, undamaged, unaltered,...

...(A) In determining whether good cause has been established by the franchisor for terminating, cancelling, or failing to continue or renew a franchise, the motor vehicle dealers board shall take into consideration the existing circumstances, including, but not limited to: (1) The amount of retail sales transacted by the franchisee during a five-year period immediately preceding such notice as compared to the business...

...(A) If the sale or transfer of the business and assets or all or a controlling interest in the capital stock of a new motor vehicle dealer contemplates or is conditioned upon a continuation of the franchise relationship with the franchisor, and the proposed transferee has indicated a willingness to comply with all of the requirements of the franchise then in effect, the franchisee shall notify the franchisor of such ...

...(A) Upon receiving a notice of protest pursuant to section 4517.50, 4517.53, 4517.54, or 4517.56 of the Revised Code, the motor vehicle dealers board shall set a time, which shall be within one hundred eighty days of such order, and place of hearing and send by certified mail a copy of the order to the franchisor, the protesting franchisee or dealer organization, and all individuals and groups that have requested n...

...The decision of the motor vehicle dealers board on any matter heard under section 4517.57 of the Revised Code shall be in writing and shall contain findings of fact and a determination of the issues presented. If the board fails to act within thirty days after the board receives a proposed decision from the hearing officer or within any longer period mutually agreed upon by the parties, the proposed decision shall be...

...(A) Notwithstanding the terms, provisions, or conditions of any agreement, franchise, or waiver, no franchisor shall: (1) In acting or purporting to act under the terms, provisions, or conditions of a franchise or in terminating, canceling, or failing to renew a franchise, fail to act in good faith; (2) Prevent a franchisee from changing administrative or executive management, provided such personnel satisfy reas...

...Notwithstanding the terms, conditions, or provisions of any franchise, or the date such franchise was executed, each franchisor shall indemnify and hold harmless its franchisees against any losses, including, but not limited to, court costs and attorney fees reasonably incurred, or damages arising out of complaints, claims, or suits, whether or not meritorious, relating in whole or in part to claims under section 134...

...Each franchisor shall disclose to its franchisees in writing prior to or at the time of delivery of any new motor vehicle any damage to the motor vehicle that has been corrected after completion of the manufacturing process and exceeds six per cent of the franchisor's suggested retail price of the motor vehicle, as measured by retail repair costs. Each franchisee shall provide the purchaser of any such repaired motor...

...A franchisee having a franchise shall maintain adequate physical facilities and personnel so that the franchisor's product is at all times properly represented in the franchisee's sales area so that the reputation and trade mark of the franchisor shall be protected and so that the general public will receive adequate servicing of the franchisor's products, and said franchisee shall act at all times in good faith.

...All actions of the franchisor or its officers, agents, or employees with respect to the creation, modification, interpretation, or termination of the franchise, or failure to renew or extend the franchise or the original investment or the increasing or supplementing of the investment by the franchisee in the franchise and its stipulations as to facilities, purchases of goods, vehicles, accessories, parts, or commodit...

...(A) No franchisor shall do any of the following: (1) Fail to obey a requirement or order made by the motor vehicle dealers board, or the order of any court upon application of the board; (2) Fail to perform a duty imposed upon it by sections 4517.50 to 4517.65 of the Revised Code or do any act prohibited by those sections. (B) No franchisee or prospective transferee shall fail to perform a duty imposed upon it by ...

...(A) When a franchisor does, causes, or permits to be done anything prohibited by this chapter, or fails to perform any duty imposed upon it by this chapter, the franchisor shall be liable to the franchisee in double the amount of actual damages sustained, plus court costs and reasonable attorney fees. (B) When a franchisor terminates, cancels, or fails to renew a franchise without the prior consent of the franchisee...

...Whoever violates any provision of sections 4517.01 to 4517.65 of the Revised Code for which no penalty otherwise is provided in the section that contains the provision violated, or any rule promulgated by the registrar of motor vehicles or the motor vehicle dealers board under sections 4517.01 to 4517.45 of the Revised Code, is guilty of a misdemeanor of the fourth degree.

...ly for cross-country travel on land and water, or on more than one type of terrain, and steered by wheels or caterpillar treads, or any combination thereof, including vehicles that operate on a cushion of air, vehicles commonly known as all-terrain vehicles, all-season vehicles, mini-bikes, and trail bikes. "All-purpose vehicle" does not include a utility vehicle as defined in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code or a...

...rpose vehicle operated or used upon the waters in this state shall comply with Chapters 1547. and 1548. of the Revised Code relative to the operation of watercraft. (F) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates division (A) of this section shall be fined not less than fifty dollars but not more than one hundred dollars.

...(A) The owner of every snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, and all-purpose vehicle required to be registered under section 4519.02 of the Revised Code shall file an application for registration with the registrar of motor vehicles or a deputy registrar, on blanks furnished by the registrar for that purpose and containing all of the following information: (1) A brief description of the snowmobile, off-highway motorcy...

...The registrar of motor vehicles shall transmit to the tax commissioner the names, addresses, and any other information requested by the commissioner, of all persons who register a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle under section 4519.03 of the Revised Code. Such information shall be transmitted in a form agreed to by the registrar and the commissioner.

...(A) Upon the filing of an application for registration of a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle and the payment of the tax therefor, the registrar of motor vehicles or a deputy registrar shall assign to the snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle a distinctive number and issue and deliver to the owner in such manner as the registrar may select, a certificate of registra...

...(A) Whenever a registered snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle is destroyed or similarly disposed of, the owner shall surrender the certificate of registration to the registrar of motor vehicles or a deputy registrar within fifteen days following the destruction or disposal. The registrar thereupon shall cancel the certificate and enter that fact in the registrar's records. In the case of an of...

...Any snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle owned or leased by the state, by any of its political subdivisions, or by any volunteer organization that uses such vehicles exclusively for emergency purposes shall be registered free of charge. The registration number and registration sticker assigned to each such snowmobile or off-highway motorcycle, and the license plate an...

...Every owner or operator of a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle who is a resident of a state not having a registration law similar to this chapter, and who expects to use the snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle in Ohio, shall apply to the registrar of motor vehicles or a deputy registrar for a temporary operating permit. The t...

...(A) The purchaser of an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, upon application and proof of purchase, may obtain a temporary motor vehicle license registration for it. The application shall be signed by the purchaser of the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle. The temporary motor vehicle license registration shall be issued only for the applicant's use of the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose v...

...h vehicles on state-controlled land and waters, for the purchase of additional land to be used for such purposes, and for the development and implementation by the department of programs relating to the safe use and enjoyment of snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, and all-purpose vehicles. All investment earnings of the state recreational vehicle fund shall be credited to the fund. Notwithstanding section 1501.01...

...(A) The director of public safety, pursuant to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, shall adopt rules for the equipment of snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, and all-purpose vehicles. The rules may be revised from time to time as the director considers necessary, and shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, requirements for the following items of equipment: (1) At least one headlight having a minimum candle...

...The director of public safety may authorize sample tests of new snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, and all-purpose vehicles to determine their degree of conformity to rules adopted under section 4519.20 of the Revised Code. In prescribing tests for muffler equipment, the director may require sound pressure levels in decibels to be measured on the "A" scale of a sound level meter having characteristics defined by t...

...(A) No person shall have for sale, sell, offer for sale, lease, rent, or otherwise furnish for hire in this state any new snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle that fails to comply with any rule adopted by the director of public safety under section 4519.20 of the Revised Code, after the effective date of the rule. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, whoever violates this section ...

...on of the property; (3) On any land or waters controlled by the state, except at those locations where a sign has been posted permitting such operation; (4) On the tracks or right-of-way of any operating railroad; (5) While transporting any firearm, bow, or other implement for hunting, that is not unloaded and securely encased; (6) For the purpose of chasing, pursuing, capturing, or killing any animal or wildfowl...

...(A) Except as provided in this section and section 4511.215 of the Revised Code, no person shall operate a mini-truck within this state. (B) A person may operate a mini-truck on a farm for agricultural purposes only when the owner of the farm qualifies for the current agricultural use valuation tax credit. A mini-truck may be operated by or on behalf of such a farm owner on public roads and rights-of-way only...

...Snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, and all-purpose vehicles may be operated as follows: (A) To make a crossing of a highway, other than a highway as designated in division (A)(1) of section 4519.40 of the Revised Code, whenever the crossing can be made in safety and will not interfere with the movement of vehicular traffic approaching from any direction on the highway, and provided that the operator yields the ri...

...es, and all-purpose vehicles on land or waters controlled by the state. The director also shall undertake a program relating to the development of trails and special areas for the use of snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, and all-purpose vehicles, and may require any permits for such use as the director considers necessary. The director may designate employees of the department of natural resources to enforce any...

...A board of park commissioners of any park district created under Chapter 1545. of the Revised Code may provide by rule for the operation of snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, and all-purpose vehicles in the parks, parkways, and other reservations of land under its jurisdiction, and shall file a copy of any such rules with the director of natural resources. Any employee of a board of park commissioners designated ...

...f-way thereof, or on any public land or waters. (B) No person who is less than sixteen years of age shall operate a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle on any land or waters other than private property or waters owned by or leased to the person's parent or guardian, unless accompanied by another person who is eighteen years of age, or older, and who holds a license as provided in divisi...

...(A) Any dealer who rents, leases, or otherwise furnishes a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle for hire shall maintain the vehicle in safe operating condition. No dealer, or agent or employee of a dealer, shall rent, lease, or otherwise furnish a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle for hire to any person who does not hold a license as required by division (A) of section 4...

...The operator of a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle involved in any accident resulting in bodily injury to or death of any person, or damage to the property of any person in excess of one hundred dollars, shall report the accident within forty-eight hours to the state highway patrol, the sheriff of the county within which the accident occurred, or the chief of police, if the accident occurred...

...(A) Whenever a person is found guilty of operating a snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-purpose vehicle in violation of any rule authorized to be adopted under section 4519.21 or 4519.42 of the Revised Code, the trial judge of any court of record, in addition to or independent of any other penalties provided by law, may impound for not less than sixty days the certifica...

...Nothing contained in this chapter shall prevent local authorities from regulating the operation of snowmobiles, off-highway motorcycles, and all-purpose vehicles on streets and highways and other public property under their jurisdiction, and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, except that no local authority shall require the registration or licensing of any snowmobile, off-highway motorcycle, or all-p...

...The registrar of motor vehicles shall adopt rules the registrar considers necessary to ensure uniform and orderly operation of sections 4519.51 to 4519.70 of the Revised Code, and the clerks of the courts of common pleas shall conform to those rules. The registrar shall receive and file in the registrar's office all information forwarded to the registrar by the clerks under those sections, and the clerk...

...The registrar of motor vehicles shall designate as an electronic dealer a dealer who meets both of the following criteria: (A) The dealer has the capability, via electronic means, to send title and registration information relating to off-highway motorcycles and all-purpose vehicles, as specified by the registrar, to the registrar and the clerks of the courts of common pleas. (B) The dealer meets other c...

...The owner of an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle shall apply for a certificate of title for the motorcycle or vehicle when required by this chapter, but, except as otherwise specifically required in this chapter, the owner may elect whether or not to have the clerk of the court of common pleas to whom the certificate of title application is submitted issue a physical certificate of title for ...

...(A) Except as provided in sections 4519.521 and 4519.54 of the Revised Code, no dealer engaged in the business of selling new or used off-highway motorcycles or all-purpose vehicles shall sell or otherwise transfer a new or used off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle without obtaining a certificate of title to the new or used motorcycle or vehicle, in accordance with this chapter, and deliveri...

...(A)(1) If a person who is not an electronic dealer owns an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle for which a physical certificate of title has not been issued by a clerk of a court of common pleas and the person sells the motorcycle or vehicle to an electronic dealer, the person is not required to obtain a physical certificate of title to the motorcycle or vehicle in order to transfer ownership to...

...No person who acquires an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle from the owner of it, whether the owner is a manufacturer, importer, dealer, or any other person, acquires any right, title, claim, or interest in or to the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle until the person has been issued a certificate of title to the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, or there is delivere...

...No manufacturer, importer, dealer, or other person shall sell or otherwise dispose of a new off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle to a dealer to be used by the dealer for purposes of display and resale, without delivering to the dealer a manufacturer's or importer's certificate executed in accordance with this section, and with such assignments thereon as are necessary to show title in the purchaser. No deale...

...Application for a certificate of title for an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle shall be made upon a form prescribed by the registrar of motor vehicles and shall be sworn to before a notary public or other officer empowered to administer oaths. The application shall be filed with the clerk of any court of common pleas. An application for a certificate of title may be filed electronically by any electronic...

...Notwithstanding any general requirement in this chapter to the effect that an application for a certificate of title to an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle shall be "sworn to" or shall be "sworn to before a notary public or other officer empowered to administer oaths," that requirement shall apply only in the case of a transfer of an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle between parties in the co...

...(A) An application for a certificate of title shall be sworn to before a notary public or other officer empowered to administer oaths by the lawful owner or purchaser of the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle and shall contain at least the following information in a form and together with any other information the registrar of motor vehicles may require: (1) Name, address, and social security number or e...

...(A) When the clerk of a court of common pleas issues a physical certificate of title for an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, the clerk shall issue it over the clerk's official seal. The front side of each physical certificate of title shall contain the information required in the application for it as prescribed by section 4519.56 of the Revised Code, spaces for the dates of notation an...

...(A) When the clerk of a court of common pleas issues a physical certificate of title, the clerk shall issue the certificate of title on a form and in a manner prescribed by the registrar of motor vehicles. The clerk shall file a copy of the physical evidence for the creation of the certificate of title in a manner prescribed by the registrar. A clerk may retain digital images of documents used as evidence for issuanc...

...(A)(1) The clerk of a court of common pleas shall charge and retain fees as follows: (a) Fifteen dollars for each certificate of title or duplicate certificate of title including the issuance of a memorandum certificate of title, authorization to print a non-negotiable evidence of ownership described in division (D) of section 4519.58 of the Revised Code, non-negotiable evidence of ownership printed by the clerk und...

...(A) In the event of the transfer of ownership of an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle by operation of law, as upon inheritance, devise, bequest, order in bankruptcy, insolvency, replevin, or execution of sale, or when repossession is had upon default in performance of the terms of a security agreement as provided in Chapter 1309. of the Revised Code, a clerk of a court of common pleas, upon the surrender ...

...(A) Each owner of an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle and each person mentioned as owner in the last certificate of title, when the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle is dismantled, destroyed, or changed in such manner that it loses its character as an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, or changed in such manner that it is not the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose...

...In the event of a lost or destroyed certificate of title, application shall be made to a clerk of a court of common pleas, by the owner of the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, or the holder of a lien on it, for a certified copy of the certificate, upon a form prescribed by the registrar of motor vehicles and accompanied by the fee prescribed by section 4519.59 of the Revised Code. The app...

...(A) The registrar of motor vehicles or the clerk of the court of common pleas, upon the application of any person and payment of the proper fee, may prepare and furnish title information regarding off-highway motorcycles and all-purpose vehicles in the form and subject to any territorial division or other classification as they may direct. The registrar or the clerk may search the records of the bureau of motor vehic...

...The registrar of motor vehicles shall enable the public to access off-highway motorcycle and all-purpose vehicle title information via electronic means. No fee shall be charged for this access. The title information that must be so accessible is only the title information that is in an electronic format at the time a person requests this access. The registrar shall establish procedures governing this access. The...

...Manufacturers and importers of off-highway motorcycles or all-purpose vehicles shall appoint and authorize agents who shall sign manufacturer's or importer's certificates. The registrar of motor vehicles may require that a certified copy of a list containing the names and the facsimile signatures of the authorized agents be furnished to the registrar and be forwarded to each clerk of the court of common pleas in the ...

...The clerk of the court of common pleas and the clerk's deputies may administer oaths on any application or affidavit required by this chapter.

...(A) No person shall do any of the following: (1) Operate in this state an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle without having a certificate of title for the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, if such a certificate is required by this chapter to be issued for the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, or, if a physical certificate of title has not been issued for it, operate an...

...(A) No person shall do any of the following: (1) Procure or attempt to procure a certificate of title to an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, or pass or attempt to pass a certificate of title or any assignment of a certificate of title to an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, or in any other manner gain or attempt to gain ownership to an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehi...

...(A)(1) Chapter 1309. of the Revised Code does not permit or require the deposit, filing, or other record of a security interest covering an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle, except as provided in division (A)(2) of this section. (2) Chapter 1309. of the Revised Code applies to a security interest in an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle held as inventory, as defined in sectio...

...If the application for a certificate of title refers to an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle last previously registered in another state, the application shall be accompanied by a physical inspection certificate issued by the department of public safety verifying the make, year, series or model, if any, body type, and manufacturer's identification number of the off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicl...

...(A)(1) No minor under eighteen years of age shall purchase or otherwise acquire an off-highway motorcycle or all-purpose vehicle and obtain a certificate of title for the motorcycle or vehicle unless the application for the certificate of title is accompanied by a form prescribed by the registrar of motor vehicles that is signed by a parent of the minor, the minor's guardian, or other person having custody of the min...

...As used in this chapter: (A) "Parking infraction" means a violation of any ordinance, resolution, or regulation enacted by a local authority that regulates the standing or parking of vehicles and that is authorized pursuant to section 505.17 or 4511.07 of the Revised Code, or a violation of any ordinance, resolution, or regulation enacted by a local authority as authorized by this chapter, if the local authority in...

...(A) A local authority that enacts any ordinance, resolution, or regulation that regulates the standing or parking of vehicles and that is authorized pursuant to section 505.17 or 4511.07 of the Revised Code also by ordinance, resolution, or regulation may specify that a violation of the regulatory ordinance, resolution, or regulation shall not be considered a criminal offense for any purpose, that a person who commit...

...(A) Each local authority that enacts any ordinance, resolution, or regulation pursuant to division (A) of section 4521.02 of the Revised Code shall adopt a parking ticket to be used by its law enforcement officers. The "Ohio Uniform Traffic Ticket" described in Traffic Rule 3(A) and (B) may be used as the parking ticket. The parking ticket adopted by a local authority shall be the summons and complaint for purposes o...

...(A)(1) The legislative authority of a municipal corporation or township, by ordinance or resolution, may request the municipal court or county court having territorial jurisdiction over the municipal corporation or township to authorize the municipal corporation or township to establish a parking violations bureau to handle all parking infractions occurring within the territory of the municipal corporation or the uni...

...(A) If a parking violations bureau or a joint parking violations bureau is established pursuant to section 4521.04 of the Revised Code, notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, the bureau or joint bureau has jurisdiction over each parking infraction that is a violation of an ordinance, resolution, or regulation of any local authority and that occurs within the territory of the municipal corporation...

...(A) A person who is personally or constructively served with a parking ticket charging the commission of a parking infraction may answer the charge by personal appearance before the parking violations bureau, joint parking violations bureau, traffic violations bureau, or juvenile court, whichever is applicable, or by mail. A local authority may, by ordinance, resolution, or regulation, also authorize the answer to a ...

...(A) When a person is personally or constructively served with a parking ticket charging the commission of a parking infraction in accordance with section 4521.03 of the Revised Code and the person fails to answer the charge within the time specified by the local authority pursuant to section 4521.02 of the Revised Code, the parking violations bureau, joint parking violations bureau, or traffic violations bureau, or t...

...(A) If a person who is personally or constructively served with a parking ticket charging the commission of a parking infraction or who receives a notification of infraction, in his answer to the charge denies that he committed the infraction, the parking violations bureau, joint parking violations bureau, or traffic violations bureau, or the juvenile court, that has jurisdiction shall conduct a hearing to determine...

...(A) An owner of a vehicle is not jointly liable with an operator of the vehicle whose act or omission resulted in a parking infraction for the parking infraction or any fine, penalty, or processing fee arising out of the parking infraction under this chapter if either of the following apply: (1) The owner answers the charge of the parking infraction under section 4521.06 or 4521.07 of the Revised Code, the answer de...

...(A)(1) If a judgment or default judgment is entered against a person pursuant to section 4521.08 of the Revised Code for a violation of an ordinance, resolution, or regulation that regulates the standing or parking of a vehicle in an accessible parking space and the person has not paid the judgment or default judgment within ten days of the date of entry of the judgment, the parking violations bureau, joint parking v...

...(A) No person while operating a motor vehicle shall fail to slow down and stop the vehicle when signalled to do so upon meeting or overtaking a horse-drawn vehicle or person on horseback and to remain stationary until the vehicle or person has passed, provided the signal to stop is given in good faith, under circumstances of necessity, and only as often and for that length of time as is required for the vehicle ...

...(A)(1) In the case of a motor vehicle accident or collision with persons or property on a public road or highway, the operator of the motor vehicle, having knowledge of the accident or collision, immediately shall stop the operator's motor vehicle at the scene of the accident or collision. The operator shall remain at the scene of the accident or collision until the operator has given the operator's name and address ...

...(A)(1) In the case of a motor vehicle accident or collision resulting in injury or damage to persons or property on any public or private property other than a public road or highway, the operator of the motor vehicle, having knowledge of the accident or collision, shall stop at the scene of the accident or collision. Upon request of any person who is injured or damaged, or any other person, the operator shall give t...

...(A) The driver of any vehicle involved in an accident resulting in damage to real property, or personal property attached to real property, legally upon or adjacent to a public road or highway immediately shall stop and take reasonable steps to locate and notify the owner or person in charge of the property of that fact, of the driver's name and address, and of the registration number of the vehicle the driver ...

...(A)(1) No person shall sell or otherwise dispose of a master key designed to fit more than one motor vehicle, knowing or having reasonable cause to believe the key will be used to commit a crime. (2) No person shall buy, receive, or have in the person's possession a master key designed to fit more than one motor vehicle, for the purpose of using the key to commit a crime. (B) Whoever violates division (A)(1) or ...

...A law enforcement officer may remove the ignition key left in the ignition switch of an unlocked and unattended motor vehicle parked on a street or highway. The officer removing said key shall place notification upon the vehicle detailing his name and badge number, the place where said key may be reclaimed, and the procedure for reclaiming said key. The key shall be returned to the owner of the motor vehicle upon pre...

...(A) No person shall operate or drive a motor vehicle upon the public roads and highways in this state if it displays a license plate or a distinctive number or identification mark that meets any of the following criteria: (1) Is fictitious; (2) Is a counterfeit or an unlawfully made copy of any distinctive number or identification mark; (3) Belongs to another motor vehicle, provided that this section does not appl...

...(A) The superintendent of the state highway patrol shall adopt rules governing the use of an electronic clearance device that enables an operator of a commercial motor vehicle, in accordance with division (B) of section 4511.121 of the Revised Code, to bypass a scale location established for the purpose of determining the weight of the vehicle and its load. The superintendent shall establish the acceptable types and ...

...(A) No person shall operate or cause to be operated upon a public road or highway a motor vehicle of a manufacturer or dealer unless the vehicle carries and displays a placard, except as provided in section 4503.21 of the Revised Code, issued by the director of public safety that displays the registration number of its manufacturer or dealer. (B) Whoever violates division (A) of this section is guilty of illegal ope...

...(A) No person shall operate or drive upon the highways of this state a motor vehicle acquired from a former owner who has registered the motor vehicle, while the motor vehicle displays the distinctive number or identification mark assigned to it upon its original registration. (B) Whoever violates division (A) of this section is guilty of operation of a motor vehicle bearing license plates or an identification mar...

...(A) No person who is the owner of a motor vehicle and a resident of this state shall operate or drive the motor vehicle upon the highways of this state, while it displays a distinctive number or identification mark issued by or under the authority of another state, without complying with the laws of this state relating to the registration and identification of motor vehicles. (B) Whoever violates division (A) of th...

...Any motor vehicle used by a member of the state highway patrol or by any other peace officer, while said officer is on duty for the exclusive or main purpose of enforcing the motor vehicle or traffic laws of this state, provided the offense is punishable as a misdemeanor, shall be marked in some distinctive manner or color and shall be equipped with, but need not necessarily have in operation at all times, at least o...

...Any officer arresting, or participating or assisting in the arrest of, a person charged with violating the motor vehicle or traffic laws of this state, provided the offense is punishable as a misdemeanor, such officer being on duty exclusively or for the main purpose of enforcing such laws, is incompetent to testify as a witness in any prosecution against such arrested person if such officer at the time of the arrest...

...Every member of the state highway patrol and every other peace officer, while such officer is on duty for the exclusive or main purpose of enforcing motor vehicle or traffic laws of this state, provided the offense is punishable as a misdemeanor, shall wear a distinctive uniform. The superintendent of the patrol shall specify what constitutes such a distinctive uniform for the state highway patrol.

...Any officer arresting, or participating or assisting in the arrest of, a person charged with violating the motor vehicle or traffic laws of this state, provided the offense is punishable as a misdemeanor, such officer being on duty exclusively or for the main purpose of enforcing such laws is incompetent to testify as a witness in any prosecution against such arrested person if such officer at the time of the arrest ...

...(A) No law enforcement officer employed by a law enforcement agency of a municipal corporation, township, or joint police district shall issue any citation, summons, or ticket for a violation of section 4511.21 of the Revised Code or a substantially similar municipal ordinance or for a violation of section 5577.04 of the Revised Code or a substantially similar municipal ordinance, if all of the following apply:...

...(A) The operator of a "commercial car," as defined in section 4501.01 of the Revised Code, when the commercial car is required to be registered under the Revised Code, shall, when operating the commercial car, trailer, or semitrailer on the streets, roads, or highways of this state, display inside or on the vehicle the certificate of registration for the commercial car, trailer, or semitrailer provided for in sect...

...Proceedings to enforce section 4549.18 of the Revised Code shall be brought in any court of record situated in the county in which the violation occurred, and all municipal courts shall have county-wide jurisdiction over such violations. Such actions shall be governed by section 4507.15 of the Revised Code. Commercial cars which are registered under the laws of another state, the owners of which are not residents of ...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Air bag" has the same meaning as in 49 C.F.R. 579.4, as amended. (2) "Counterfeit air bag" means an air bag displaying a mark identical or similar to the genuine mark of a motor vehicle manufacturer, without the authorization of the motor vehicle manufacturer. (3) "Nonfunctional air bag" means any of the following: (a) A replacement air bag that has been previously deployed ...

...(A) Any person who as a part of a continuing course of criminal conduct commits auto theft offenses in more than one county may be indicted and tried for all such offenses in any county where one such offense was committed. It is prima-facie evidence of a continuing course of criminal conduct if an offender commits two or more auto theft offenses within a period of six months. (B) As used in this section, "auto thef...

...As used in sections 4549.41 to 4549.51 of the Revised Code: (A) "Person" includes an individual, corporation, government, governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, association, or cooperative or any other legal entity, whether acting individually or by their agents, officers, employees, or representatives. (B) "Motor vehicle" means any vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical powe...

...(A) No person shall adjust, alter, change, tamper with, advance, set back, disconnect, or fail to connect, an odometer of a motor vehicle, or cause any of the foregoing to occur to an odometer of a motor vehicle with the intent to alter the number of miles registered on the odometer. (B) Division (A) of this section does not apply to the disconnection of an odometer used for registering the mileage of any new motor...

...(A) No person, with intent to defraud, shall advertise for sale, sell, use, or install on any part of any motor vehicle or an odometer in any motor vehicle any device that causes the odometer to register any mileage other than the actual mileage driven by the motor vehicle. For the purpose of this section, the actual mileage driven is that mileage driven by the motor vehicle as registered by an odometer within the m...

...(A) No person, with intent to defraud, shall operate a motor vehicle on any public street, road, or highway of this state knowing that the odometer of the vehicle is disconnected or nonfunctional. A person's intent to defraud under this section may be inferred from evidence of the circumstances of the vehicle's operation, including facts pertaining to the length of time or number of miles of operation with a nonfun...

...(A) No person shall transfer a motor vehicle if the person knows or recklessly disregards facts indicating that the odometer of the motor vehicle has been changed, tampered with, or disconnected, or has been in any other manner nonfunctional, to reflect a lesser mileage or use, unless that person gives clear and unequivocal notice of the tampering or nonfunction or of the person's reasonable belief of tampering or ...

...(A) No auctioneer licensed under Chapter 4707. of the Revised Code shall advertise for sale by means of any written advertisement, brochure, flyer, or other writing, any motor vehicle the auctioneer knows or has reason to believe has an odometer that has been changed, tampered with, or disconnected, or in any other manner has been nonfunctional, unless the listing or description of the vehicle contained in the writte...

...(A) No transferor shall fail to provide the true and complete odometer disclosures required by section 4505.06 of the Revised Code. The transferor of a motor vehicle is not in violation of this division requiring a true odometer reading if the odometer reading is incorrect due to a previous owner's violation of any of the provisions contained in sections 4549.42 to 4549.46 of the Revised Code, unless the transferor ...

...(A) If by his own inquiries or as a result of complaints, the attorney general has reason to believe that a person has engaged, is engaging, or is preparing to engage, in a violation of sections 4549.41 to 4549.46 of the Revised Code, he may investigate. (B) For this purpose the attorney general may administer oaths, subpoena witnesses, adduce evidence, and require the production of relevant matter. If the matter t...

...(A) Whenever it appears that a person has violated, is violating, or is about to violate any provision of sections 4549.41 to 4549.46 of the Revised Code, the attorney general may bring an action in the court of common pleas to enjoin the violation. Upon a showing of a violation of sections 4549.41 to 4549.46 of the Revised Code, a temporary restraining order, preliminary injunction, or permanent injunction shall be ...

...(A) Any person who violates any requirement imposed by sections 4549.41 to 4549.46 of the Revised Code is liable to any transferee of the motor vehicle subsequent to the violation, in an amount equal to: (1) Three times the amount of actual damages sustained or fifteen hundred dollars, whichever is greater; and (2) In the case of any successful action to enforce the foregoing liability, the costs of the action toge...

...Violation of sections 4549.41 to 4549.46 of the Revised Code by any person licensed or granted a permit by this state as a dealer, wholesaler, distributor, or auction owner under Chapter 4517. of the Revised Code, is prima-facie evidence of intent to defraud and constitutes cause for the revocation or denial of the license of such person to sell any motor vehicle in this state. Any person who violates sections 4549...

...The remedies under sections 4549.41 to 4549.51 of the Revised Code are in addition to remedies otherwise available for the same conduct under federal, state, or local law.

...The prosecuting attorney of the county in which a violation of any provision of sections 4549.41 to 4549.51 of the Revised Code occurs, or the attorney general, may bring a criminal action to enforce the provisions of sections 4549.41 to 4549.51 of the Revised Code. The attorney general and the prosecuting attorney of the county in which a person licensed or granted a permit under Chapter 4517. of the Revised Code is...

...As used in sections 4549.61 to 4549.63 of the Revised Code, "vehicle identification number or derivative thereof" means any number or derivative of such a number that is embossed, engraved, etched, or otherwise marked on any vehicle or vehicle part by the manufacturer. "Vehicle identification number" also includes a duplicate vehicle identification number replaced upon a vehicle under the authority of the registrar o...

...(A) No person, with purpose to conceal or destroy the identity of a vehicle or vehicle part, shall remove, deface, cover, alter, or destroy any vehicle identification number or derivative of a vehicle identification number on a vehicle or vehicle part. (B) No person, with purpose to conceal or destroy the identity of a vehicle or a vehicle part, shall remove, deface, cover, alter, or destroy any identifying number...

...(A) A law enforcement officer may seize and take possession of a vehicle or vehicle part if the officer has probable cause to believe that any vehicle identification number or derivative thereof on the vehicle or part has been removed, defaced, covered, altered, or destroyed in such a manner that the identity of the vehicle or part cannot be determined by visual examination of the number at the site where the manufac...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Motor vehicle leasing dealer" has the meaning set forth in division (M) of section 4517.01 of the Revised Code. (2) "Motor vehicle renting dealer" means any person engaged in the business of regularly making available, offering to make available, or arranging for another person to use a motor vehicle pursuant to a bailment, rental agreement, or other contractual arrangement for a...

...Except in trucks and trailers licensed for and engaged in interstate commerce, any person who operates a truck, trailer, or other vehicle upon any public highway, road, or street in this state for the purpose of transporting five or more cut trees, or one hundred pounds or more of boughs, of any species of pine, spruce, fir, hemlock, or other narrow-leafed or broad-leafed evergreen tree or shrub, shall have upon his ...

...Whenever any trees or boughs described in section 4551.01 of the Revised Code are being transported within this state by any person other than a person required by said section to have a bill of sale or invoice, a true written statement shall accompany such shipment, which written statement shall set forth: (A) The location of the lands from which such trees or boughs were removed. Such statement of location shall ...

...Any forest or park officer, peace officer, or state highway patrol trooper of this state may stop any truck, trailer, or other vehicle engaged in the transporting of the evergreen trees or boughs described in section 4551.01 of the Revised Code, except trucks or trailers licensed for and engaged in interstate commerce, and require the operator to produce the bill, invoice, or statement of ownership required by sectio...

...(A) No person shall transport trees or boughs described in section 4551.01 of the Revised Code in violation of sections 4551.01 to 4551.03 of the Revised Code. (B) Whoever violates this section shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars, imprisoned not more than thirty days, or both.

...At the discretion of the court before whom the defendant is brought for a violation of sections 4551.01 to 4551.03, inclusive, of the Revised Code, the cut trees or boughs being transported at the time of the offense may immediately be disposed of at the highest obtainable price, and the money obtained from such sale shall be impounded by the court, pending determination of the ownership of such trees or boughs. If s...

...t" means any location either on land or water which is used for the landing and taking off of aircraft. (D) "Landing field" means any location either on land or water of such size and nature as to permit the landing or taking off of aircraft with safety, and used for that purpose but not equipped to provide for the shelter, supply, or care of aircraft. (E) "Air navigation facility" means any facility used, availa...

...There is hereby created in the division of multi-modal planning and programs of the department of transportation the office of aviation. The director of transportation shall appoint the administrator of the office of aviation, who shall serve at the pleasure of the director. The administrator of the office of aviation shall be responsible to the director for the organization, direction, and supervision of the work of...

...The department of transportation shall administer Chapter 4561. of the Revised Code. The department may adopt and promulgate such rules as it determines necessary to carry out this chapter. The department may issue and amend orders, and make, promulgate, and amend, reasonable general and special rules and procedure, and establish minimum standards. The department may establish safety rules governing air navig...

...The department of transportation shall encourage the development of aviation and the promotion of aviation education and research within this state as, in its judgment, may best serve the public interest. The department may furnish engineering or other technical counsel and services, with or without charge therefor, to any appropriate government agency desiring such counsel or services in connection with any ...

...The department of transportation may cooperate with any government agency and others, including private persons, engaged in aviation, aviation education or research, or the promotion of aviation, and shall seek to promote the aeronautic activities of these bodies. The department may confer with or hold joint meetings and hearings with any government agency in connection with any matter arising under this chap...

...The department of transportation may cooperate with any government agency, in the acquisition, establishment, construction, enlargement, improvement, equipment, or operation of airports, landing fields, and other air navigation facilities in this state, and may comply with the laws of the United States and any regulations made thereunder with respect to the expenditure of federal funds for or in connection with...

...Each regional airport authority, county, municipal corporation, and agency of this state may accept, receive, and give receipt for federal funds upon such terms as are prescribed by the laws of the United States and any rules and regulations made thereunder, and may treat similarly other funds, public or private, for the acquisition, establishment, construction, enlargement, improvement, equipment, or operation...

...The legislative authority of every municipal corporation in this state shall cause said municipal corporation to be marked for aviation purposes, and shall maintain such marking, subject to and in accordance with law and such rules and regulations as are made by the department of transportation in that regard, the costs thereof to be paid from the general fund of the municipal corporation. If such legislative authori...

...(A) All airports, landing fields, and landing areas shall be approved by the department of transportation before being used for commercial purposes. The department may issue a certificate of approval in each case. The department shall require that a complete plan of such airport, landing field, or landing area be filed with it before granting or issuing such approval; provided that in no case in which the department ...

...ed or maintained on any public land or water owned or controlled by this state, or by any political subdivision of this state, except at such places and under such rules and regulations governing and controlling the operation and maintenance of aircraft as are adopted and promulgated by the department in accordance with sections 119.01 to 119.13 of the Revised Code. Such action and approval by the department ...

...Every state, county, and municipal law enforcement officer charged with the enforcement of state or municipal laws may investigate aircraft accidents and enforce sections 4561.14, 4561.15, and 4561.24 of the Revised Code. The state highway patrol may use any of its personnel and equipment to investigate all aircraft accidents within this state.

...(A) No person shall operate any aircraft in this state unless such person is the holder of a valid aviator's license issued by the United States. No person operating an aircraft within this state shall fail to exhibit such license for inspection upon the demand of any passenger on such aircraft, or fail to exhibit same for inspection upon the demand of any peace officer, member or employee of the department of tran...

... (2) Operate an aircraft on the land or water or in the air space over this state in a careless or reckless manner that endangers any person or property, or with willful or wanton disregard for the rights or safety of others; (3) Operate an aircraft on the land or water or in the air space over this state while under the influence of intoxicating liquor, controlled substances, or other habit-forming drugs; (4) Ta...

...The owner, operator, or person responsible for the operation of an aircraft shall not be liable for loss or damage arising from injuries to or death of a guest, resulting from the operation of said aircraft, while such guest is being transported without payment therefor in or upon said aircraft, unless such injuries or death are caused by the willful or wanton misconduct of such owner, operator, or person responsible...

...(A) To provide revenue for administering sections 4561.17 to 4561.22 of the Revised Code relative to the registration of aircraft, for the surveying of and the establishment, checking, maintenance, and repair of aviation air marking and of air navigation facilities, for airport capital improvements, for the acquiring, maintaining, and repairing of equipment necessary for those purposes, and for the cost of creating a...

...(A) The owner of any aircraft that is based in this state and that is not of a type specified in divisions (A)(1) to (5) of section 4561.17 of the Revised Code, shall register that aircraft with the department of transportation pursuant to this section. (B) Applications for the licensing and registration of aircraft shall be made and signed by the owner on forms the department of tran...

...Upon receipt of each license application and each application for transfer of registration properly completed and accompanied by the required license tax, the director of transportation shall forward to the owner a certificate of registration which certificate shall thereafter be kept in the licensed aircraft and shall be available for inspection at all times during the current year. Before receipt of such registrati...

...Upon transfer of the title to any aircraft upon which the current license tax has been paid, the certificate of registration for the aircraft expires, and the transferee shall submit an application for a new certificate of registration to the director of transportation. The application for the new certificate of registration shall be made in accordance with section 4561.18 of the Revised Code, and the transferee shal...

...(A) The director of transportation shall deposit all aircraft transfer fees in the state treasury to the credit of the general fund. (B) The director shall deposit all aircraft license taxes and fines in the state treasury to the credit of the airport assistance fund, which is hereby created. Money in the fund shall be used for maintenance and capital improvements to publicly owned airports and the operating ...

...(A) No owner or operator of an aircraft shall violate sections 4561.17 to 4561.20 of the Revised Code. (B) Whoever violates this section shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars for each violation.

...In the event of an airplane crash involving personal injuries, death, or property damage, it is rebuttably presumed that the airplane was being flown at the time of the crash, and immediately prior thereto, by the pilot-in-command of such airplane when the airplane is occupied by more than one person. The "pilot-in-command" is rebuttably presumed to be: (A) The occupant of the left front seat in airplanes having si...

...(A) No person shall operate a motor vehicle upon any runway of an airport without prior approval of the person in charge of the airport when the airport has been certified as a commercial airport by the office of aviation. Any person lending assistance to the operator or operation of a vehicle engaged in such activity shall be equally charged as the participants. (B) Except as otherwise provided in this division, w...

...(A) Every person who, in the ordinary course of business, rents an aircraft to another person shall deliver to the renter a written notice stating the nature and extent of insurance coverage provided, if any, for the renter against loss of or damage to the hull of the aircraft, or against liability arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of the aircraft. Such notice shall contain the name of the person givi...

...(A) As used in sections 4561.26 and 4561.27 of the Revised Code: (1) "Derelict aircraft" means an aircraft that meets all of the following conditions: (a) It is located on the premises of a public-use airport. (b) It is not in a flyable condition. (c) It does not comply with the United States federal aviation administration regulations that would allow it to be operated or flown. (d) It does not have a writ...

...(A) If a derelict aircraft remains on the property of the public-use airport longer than the thirty-day period specified in division (E) of section 4561.26 of the Revised Code, the director may do one of the following: (1) Sell the derelict aircraft at public auction; (2) Dispose of the derelict aircraft through an aircraft salvage or scrap metal dealer. (B)(1) If the director elects to sell the derelict aircra...

...As used in sections 4561.30 to 4561.39 of the Revised Code: (A) "Airport" means any airport certified for commercial purposes by the department of transportation. "Airport" does not include a military airport owned by the United States government and used for no commercial purposes. (B) "Person" has the same meaning as in section 4561.01 of the Revised Code. (C) "Commence to install" means undertaking any action t...

...(A)(1) Except as provided in divisions (D), (E), and (F) of this section, no person shall commence to install any structure or object of natural growth in this state, any part of which will penetrate or is reasonably expected to penetrate into or through any airport's clear zone surface, horizontal surface, conical surface, primary surface, approach surface, or transitional surface without first obtaining a permit fr...

...(A) In accordance with Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, the department of transportation shall adopt, and may amend and rescind, any rules necessary to administer sections 4561.30 to 4561.39 of the Revised Code and shall adopt rules based in whole upon the obstruction standards set forth in 14 C.F.R. 77.21 to 77.29, as amended, to uniformly regulate the height and location of structures and objects of natural growth...

...(A) An applicant for a permit required by section 4561.31 of the Revised Code shall file with the department of transportation an application made on forms the department prescribes, which shall contain the following information: (1) A description of the structure or object of natural growth for which the permit is sought, its location, and the planned date of commencement of installation; (2) A statement explainin...

...(A) The department of transportation, subject to Chapter 119. of the Revised Code, shall grant or deny a permit for which an application has been filed under section 4561.33 of the Revised Code. In determining whether to grant or deny a permit, the department shall determine whether the height and location of a structure or object of natural growth, as set forth in the permit application, will be an obstruction to ai...

...Pursuant to any consultation with the power siting board regarding an application for certification under section 4906.03 or 4906.10 of the Revised Code, the office of aviation of the division of multi-modal planning and programs of the department of transportation shall review the application to determine whether the facility constitutes or will constitute an obstruction to air navigation based upon the rules adopte...

...The department of transportation shall specify all of the following in each permit granted under section 4561.34 of the Revised Code: (A) The terms and conditions regarding the height and location of the structure or object of natural growth that the department considers necessary to ensure the safety of aircraft in landing or taking off at any airport, the safety of persons occupying or using such area, and the sec...

...(A) The department of transportation shall not issue any permit under sections 4561.30 to 4561.39 of the Revised Code that will result in the creation of an obstruction to air navigation based upon the rules adopted under section 4561.32 of the Revised Code, unless the department waives compliance with the obstruction standards included in those rules. (B) Sections 4561.30 to 4561.39 of the Revised Code do not autho...

...Sections 4561.30 to 4561.39 of the Revised Code shall not be construed to require the removal or lowering of or the making of any other change in any structure or object of natural growth not conforming to rules or orders of the department of transportation under those sections when adopted or amended, or otherwise interfere with the continuance of any nonconforming use; except that, if ordered by the department, the...

...With respect to any structure or object of natural growth for which a permit is required under section 4561.34 of the Revised Code, rules adopted or orders issued under sections 4561.30 to 4561.39 of the Revised Code and the terms and conditions of any permit issued under those sections prevail in the event of a conflict with any airport zoning regulation adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21 of the Revised Code,...

...In addition to any other remedy provided by law, the department of transportation may institute in any court of competent jurisdiction an action to prevent, restrain, correct, or abate any alleged violation or threatened violation of sections 4561.30 to 4561.39 of the Revised Code or any rule adopted or order issued under them. The court may grant such relief as may be necessary.

...As used in sections 4561.50 to 4561.53 of the Revised Code: (A) "Critical facility" means any of the following: (1) A critical infrastructure facility as defined in section 2911.21 of the Revised Code; (2) A commercial distribution center; (3) A federal, state, county, or municipal court; (4) A police station, sheriff's office, state highway patrol station, or premises controlled by the bureau of criminal i...

...(A)(1) Except as provided in division (A)(2) of this section, no person shall operate an unmanned aerial vehicle in the air space over this state if the operation is prohibited by either federal law or federal regulations, including any federal aviation administration regulations. (2) Division (A)(1) of this section does not apply to a person authorized by the federal aviation administration to operate an unmanned ...

...Subject to sections 4561.50 to 4561.53 of the Revised Code, a municipal corporation, township, park district, or county may adopt ordinances, resolutions, or regulations, as applicable, regarding both of the following: (A) The use and operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle owned and operated by the municipal corporation, township, park district, or county; (B) The use and operation of an unmanned aerial vehicle ...

...(A) The department of transportation's office of aviation shall provide information and resources on the office's web site regarding the laws, regulations, and proper use of an unmanned aerial vehicle and unmanned aerial vehicle system. The information shall pertain to public, commercial, and recreational use of an unmanned aerial vehicle. (B) The office shall provide picture examples of a critical facility on the ...

...Whoever violates any provision of sections 4561.021 to 4561.13 of the Revised Code for which no penalty otherwise is provided in the section that contains the provision violated shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars, imprisoned not more than ninety days, or both.

...As used in sections 4563.01 to 4563.21 of the Revised Code: (A) "Airport" means any area of land designed and set aside for the landing and taking off of aircraft, and for that purpose possessing one or more hard surfaced runways of a length of not less than three thousand five hundred feet, and designed for the storing, repair, and operation of aircraft, and utilized or to be utilized in the interest of the public ...

...The creation or establishment of an airport hazard shall be a public nuisance.

...(A) When an airport is publicly owned and all airport hazard areas appertaining to such airport are located inside the territorial limits of one political subdivision, the legislative authority of the political subdivision shall constitute the airport zoning board. Such legislative authority, acting as the airport zoning board, may adopt, administer, and enforce airport zoning regulations for such airport hazard area...

...Within the approach, transitional, inner horizontal, and conical areas at a publicly owned airport, an airport zoning board constituted under section 4563.03 of the Revised Code may adopt, administer, and enforce zoning regulations, in addition to its regulations adopted under section 4563.03 of the Revised Code, in order to ensure the safety of persons occupying or using such areas and the security of property locat...

...Any airport zoning board that adopts, administers, and enforces airport zoning regulations for an airport hazard area under section 4563.03 of the Revised Code shall adopt, as regulations, the rules adopted by the department of transportation under section 4561.32 of the Revised Code that are based in whole upon the obstruction standards set forth in 14 C.F.R. 77.21 to 77.29, as amended, to uniformly regulate the hei...

...In the event of conflict between any airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, and any other zoning regulations applicable to the same area, whether the conflict be with respect to the height of structures or objects of natural growth, the use of land, or any other matter, and whether such other regulations were adopted by the political subdivision which ado...

...Prior to initial zoning of any airport hazard area under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, the airport zoning board which is to adopt the regulations shall appoint a commission, to be known as the airport zoning commission, to recommend the boundaries of the various zones to be established and the regulations to be adopted therefor. Such commission shall make a preliminary report and hold p...

...No airport zoning regulations shall be adopted, amended, or changed under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, except by action of the legislative body of the political subdivision, after a public hearing in relation thereto, at which parties in interest and citizens shall have an opportunity to be heard. At least thirty days notice of the hearing shall be published in a newspaper of general c...

...All airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code shall be reasonable, and none shall impose any requirement or restriction which is not reasonably necessary to insure the safety of aircraft in landing and taking off and the safety of persons occupying or using the area and the security of property thereon. In determining what regulations are necessary, each poli...

...In order to define and determine the airport hazard area in which airport zoning shall be applicable, the office of aviation, upon request of any airport zoning commission appointed pursuant to section 4563.05 of the Revised Code, shall formulate and adopt, and may revise when necessary, an airport approach plan for any airport within its jurisdiction. Each plan shall indicate the airport hazard area, the circumstanc...

...No airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21 of the Revised Code shall require the removal, lowering, or other change or alteration of any structure or object of natural growth not conforming to the regulations when adopted or amended, or otherwise interfere with the continuance of any nonconforming use, except as provided in section 4563.14 of the Revised Code.

...Nothing in sections 4563.01 to 4563.21 of the Revised Code, shall confer any power on any political subdivision or airport zoning board to prohibit the use of any land for farming, dairying, pasturage, apiculture, horticulture, floriculture, viticulture, or animal and poultry husbandry, except where such use shall create an airport hazard. The provisions of sections 4563.01 to 4563.21 of the Revised Code shall not ap...

...All airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, shall provide for the administration and enforcement of such regulations. The duties of any administrative agency designated pursuant to sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, shall include that of issuing all permits under section 4563.12 of the Revised Code.

...Airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, may require that a permit be obtained before any new structure or use may be constructed or established and before any existing structure or use may be substantially changed or substantially altered in an airport hazard area. No permit shall be granted that would allow the establishment or creation of an airport haza...

...All airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, shall provide for an airport zoning board of appeals. Where a zoning board of appeals already exists, it may be designated as the airport zoning board of appeals. The airport zoning board of appeals, except in those instances in which an existing zoning board of appeals is designated as the airport zoning board o...

...The board of appeals shall have and exercise the following powers: (A) To hear and decide appeals from any order, requirement, decision, or determination made by the administrative agency in the enforcement of the airport zoning regulations, as provided in sections 4563.11 and 4563.12 of the Revised Code. (B) To hear and allow, refuse, or allow with modifications or conditions, any variance from the terms of the ai...

...(A) An airport zoning board of appeals, by a majority vote of its members, may affirm, reverse, or modify any order, requirement, decision, or determination of the administrative agency created pursuant to section 4563.11 of the Revised Code. (B) The airport zoning board of appeals shall adopt rules in accordance with the provisions of the ordinance or resolution by which it was created. Meetings of the board shall...

...Any person desiring to erect any structure, or increase the height of any structure, or permit the increases in height of any object of natural growth, or otherwise use his property in any manner in conflict with airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, may apply to the airport zoning board of appeals for a variance from the zoning regulations in question. ...

...In granting any permit under section 4563.12 of the Revised Code by the administrative agency or under section 4563.16 of the Revised Code by the airport zoning board of appeals, such agency may so condition such permit, if they deem such action advisable and reasonable in the circumstances, to require the owner of the structure or object of natural growth in question to permit the political subdivision, owning the a...

...(A) Any person aggrieved by any decision of an administrative agency made in its administration of airport zoning regulations adopted under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, or any governing body of a political subdivision or any airport zoning board which is of the opinion that a decision of such an administrative agency is an improper application of airport zoning regulations of concern t...

...Any person aggrieved, or any taxpayer, or any legislative authority, or any airport zoning board affected by any order of the airport zoning board of appeals may appeal within 30 days to the court of common pleas of the county in which the affected real estate lies, and upon appeal thereof a trial de novo shall be had.

...(A) No person shall violate any regulation, order, or ruling promulgated or made pursuant to sections 4563.01 to 4563.21 of the Revised Code. (B) Whoever violates this section shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars. Each day's willful continuation of the violation is a separate offense.

...The political subdivision or airport zoning board adopting zoning regulations under sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, may institute in any court of competent jurisdiction an action to prevent, restrain, correct, or abate any violation of sections 4563.01 to 4563.21, inclusive, of the Revised Code, or of airport zoning regulations adopted under such sections, or of any order or ruling made i...

...(A) As used in this section: (1) "Aircraft" has the same meaning as in section 4561.01 of the Revised Code. (2) "Airport" has the same meaning as in section 4561.01 of the Revised Code except that it does not include any airport operated by a multi-state authority or any airport with scheduled commercial air carrier service. (3) "Private-use airport" means an airport used exclusively by the owner of the airport an...

...The airport known, prior to the effective date of this section, as the Port Columbus International Airport, located in Columbus, Ohio, is hereby named the John Glenn Columbus International Airport.

... corporation, township, port authority, water or sewer district, solid waste management district, school district, health district, park district, soil and water conservation district, water conservancy district, regional transit authority, airport authority, or other district, authority, or commission created pursuant to the laws of this state. "Governmental subdivision" does not include a transportation improvement...

...Any municipal corporation, township, county, or any combination of a municipal corporation, municipal corporations, township, townships, county, or counties, none of which was included in a port authority in existence on December 16, 1964, may create a port authority. A municipal corporation shall act by ordinance, a township shall act by resolution of the township trustees, and a county shall act by resolution of th...

...The board of directors of a port authority created under section 4582.02 of the Revised Code may contract with the prosecuting attorney of a county, as provided in section 309.09 of the Revised Code, to obtain legal services from the prosecuting attorney.

...Any political subdivision within the jurisdiction of a port authority may appropriate and expend public funds not otherwise appropriated to finance or subsidize the operation and authorized purposes of the port authority so created. Subject to making due provisions for payment and performance of its obligations, a port authority may be dissolved by the subdivision or subdivisions creating it, and in that event the p...

...After a port authority has been created, any municipal corporation, township, or county, acting by ordinance, resolution of the township trustees, or resolution of the county commissioners, respectively, which is contiguous to such port authority, or to any municipal corporation, township, or county which proposes to join such port authority at the same time and is contiguous to such port authority, or any county wit...

...(A) A port authority created in accordance with section 4582.02 of the Revised Code shall be governed by a board of directors. Members of a board of directors of a port authority created by the exclusive action of a municipal corporation shall consist of the number of members it considers necessary and shall be appointed by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council. Members of a board of directors of a por...

...In addition to any immunity from civil liability that is conferred upon a director by any other provision of the Revised Code or by decisions of Ohio or federal courts, no member of the board of directors of a port authority shall be personally liable for any monetary damages that arise from actions taken in the performance of his official duties, except for acts or omissions that are not in good faith or that involv...

...ty, to prevent hijacking of aircraft or watercraft, protect the property of the authority and the property of others located thereon, suppress nuisances and disturbances and breaches of the peace, and enforce laws and the rules of the port authority for the preservation of good order. In performing their duties, special police officers are vested with the same powers of arrest as police officers under section 2935.03...

...(A) A port authority created under section 4582.02 of the Revised Code may procure and pay all or any part of the cost of group hospitalization, surgical, major medical, sickness and accident insurance, or group life insurance, or a combination of any of the foregoing types of insurance or coverage for employees and their families, issued by an insurance company duly authorized to do business in this state. (B) A po...

...The area of jurisdiction of a port authority created in accordance with section 4582.02 of the Revised Code shall include all of the territory of the political subdivision or subdivisions creating it, provided that in no case other than as may result from the determination of a port authority under division (C) of section 4582.201 of the Revised Code to change the provisions of Chapter 4582. of the Revised Code that ...

...canal, channel, river, stream, or other water course or way that may be necessary or proper in the development of the facilities of the port authority; (3) Issue bonds or notes for the acquisition, construction, furnishing, or equipping of any real or personal property, or any combination thereof, related to, useful for, or in furtherance of any authorized purpose, in compliance with Chapter 133. of the Revised Cod...

...ommercial goods on, over, or across the waterways or shorelines of this state, or buildings or structures for the construction, rehabilitation, maintenance, or repair of commercial vessels used for such purposes, which facilities are or are expected to be owned or leased by a port authority, operated by or on behalf of a port authority, or publicly owned and financed by a port authority. (2) "Notice by publica...

...The board of directors, from time to time after the adoption of an official plan for the maritime facilities of the port authority, shall have the power to modify, amend, or extend the plan; provided, that prior to the making of any modification, amendment or extension of the plan, the board shall cause notice by publication to be given and shall conduct a hearing, all as provided in section 4582.07 of the...

...The plan and any modification, amendment or extension of the plan, when adopted by the board of directors after notice and hearing shall be final and conclusive and its validity shall be conclusively presumed.

...(A) Financial and proprietary information, including trade secrets, submitted by or on behalf of an employer to a port authority or to a nonprofit corporation engaged by contract to provide economic development services for a port authority, in connection with the relocation, location, expansion, improvement, or preservation of the business of that employer is not a public record subject to section 149.43 of the Revi...

...The port authority shall foster and encourage the participation of private enterprise in the development of port authority facilities to the fullest extent it considers practicable in the interest of limiting the necessity of construction and operation of those facilities by the port authority.

...Nothing contained in sections 4582.01 to 4582.16 of the Revised Code shall: (A) Impair the provisions of law or ordinance directing the payment of revenues derived from public property into sinking funds or dedicating those revenues to specific purposes; (B) Impair the powers of any county, township, or municipal corporation to develop or improve port and terminal facilities except as restricted by section 4582.16 ...

...(A)(1) Except as otherwise provided in division (E) of section 307.671 of the Revised Code, division (A) of this section does not apply to a port authority educational and cultural facility acquired, constructed, and equipped pursuant to a cooperative agreement entered into under section 307.671 of the Revised Code. (2) Except as provided in division (C) of this section or except when the port authority elects to co...

...The legislative authority of any municipal corporation, county, township, school district, or other political subdivision or taxing district, may convey or lease to, or exchange with, any port authority or any port authority may convey or lease to, or exchange with, a municipal corporation, county, township, school district, or other political subdivision or taxing district, without competitive bidding and on mutuall...

...The board of directors of a port authority created in accordance with section 4582.02 of the Revised Code shall annually prepare a budget for the port authority. Rents and charges received by the port authority shall be used for the general expenses of the port authority and to pay interest, amortization, and retirement charges on money borrowed. If there remains, at the end of any calendar year, any surplus of such...

...Upon the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the qualified electors in a primary or general election, within the port authority voting at an election held for the purpose of authorizing same, the port authority may levy upon the property within its jurisdiction a tax, for all purposes including bond debt charges, not in excess of one mill annually on the total value of all property as listed and assessed for t...

...Before receiving any moneys, the secretary of a port authority created in accordance with section 4582.02 of the Revised Code shall furnish bond in such amount as shall be determined by the port authority, with sureties satisfactory to it, and all funds coming into the hands of said secretary shall be deposited by him to the account of the port authority in one or more such depositories as shall be qualified to recei...